Spatial requirements of jaguars and pumas in Southern Mexico

Torre, J. Antonio de la; Núñez, Juan Manuel; Medellín, Rodrigo A.

doi:10.1016/j.mambio.2017.01.006

Cited by 42 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…Protected areas play an important role in the conservation of Neotropical carnivores, since most carnivores have large home ranges, need high quality habitats, and a broad and abundant prey base (De Ângelo et al, 2011;De la Torre et al, 2017). Thus, this study aimed 1) to list the carnivore species that occur in the network of protected areas, 2) to describe their activity patterns, and 3) to discuss threats for those species conservation in the region.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Camera traps as a tool for Carnivore conservation in a mosaic of Protected Areas in the Pantanal wetlands, Brazil

Porfírio¹,

Foster²,

Sarmento³

et al. 2018

Nat. Cons. Res.

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Although known globally for its biodiversity, only around 5% of the Brazilian Pantanal is protected. The Network for Protection and Conservation of Amolar Mountain Ridge is an informal initiative that legally protects over 2000 km 2 of the Pantanal biome. Several camera-trapping surveys were carried out at Amolar Mountain Ridge from August 2011 to September 2013 in order to increase our knowledge of the species occurrence and its ecological requirements. The aims of this study were : 1) to inventory the carnivore species occurring within this network of protected areas; 2) to describe their activity patterns and 3) to discuss threats for those species' conservation in the region. We used the Kernel density method to describe the species' activity patterns. We obtained 764 records (from 12703 camera-days) of eight carnivores, including endangered species in Brazil, such as the jaguar (Panthera onca), puma (Puma concolor), and ocelot (Leopardus pardalis), that were among the most frequently recorded by camera traps. The other species detected were the South America coati (Nasua nasua), the tayra (Eira barbara), the crab-eating raccoon (Procyon cancrivorus) and the jaguarundi (Puma yagouaroundi). We provided information on activity patterns of the jaguar and puma, which exhibited cathemeral activity patterns, on the ocelot and crab-eating fox, which were mostly nocturnal, and on the Southern coati and jaguarundi, which were diurnal. Scansorial and species that occur naturally in low densities as the tayra and the crab-eating raccoon were difficult to be detected with the used camera trapping setting. However, due to the natural characteristics of the study area, camera trapping is among the most appropriate tools for providing data about carnivores and their prey. This information is essential to delineate conservation plans for Amolar Mountain Ridge.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Camera traps as a tool for Carnivore conservation in a mosaic of Protected Areas in the Pantanal wetlands, Brazil

Porfírio¹,

Foster²,

Sarmento³

et al. 2018

Nat. Cons. Res.

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“…Jaguars and pumas were captured in foot snares and fitted with GPS radio-collars (Frank et al 2003;de la Torre et al 2017). At the site of each snare trap, we also placed a VHF radio transmitter to monitor if traps were triggered (Halstead et al 1995).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We used the species and sexes arranged in four different groups (male jaguar, female jaguar, male It appears that coexistence between jaguars and pumas is facilitated by using different habitats (Scognamillo et al 2003), active avoidance of the same sites (Harmsen et al 2009;Sollmann et al 2012;de la Torre et al 2017), temporal segregation (Romero-Muñoz et al 2010), or by differential use of prey (Emmons 1987;Jorgeson and Redford 1993;Aranda and Sánchez-Cordero 1996;Taber et al 1997;Nuñez et al 2000;Scognamillo et al 2003;Novack et al 2005). However, few studies have analyzed the differences in body sizes and other morphological characters of these coexisting species (Kiltie 1984;Morales and Giannini 2010), especially from data obtained directly from animals of the same study area.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A morphological comparison of jaguars and pumas in southern Mexico

Torre

Rivero

2017

Therya

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Jaguars (Panthera onca) and pumas (Puma concolor) are sympatric throughout the entire range of the jaguar. Pumas are smaller in areas where they are sympatric with jaguars and their body size is larger outside the distribution range of jaguars. This pattern has been explained as an effect that natural selection has promoted through character displacement to partially avoid competition. We examined and compared the body and craniodental measurements of sympatric jaguars and pumas from a tropical rainforest in southern Mexico. Data on body sizes were obtained from jaguars and pumas captured with foot snares. We implemented a principal component analysis (PCA) to evaluate variability in sizes between species and sexes and to characterize groups of individuals according to these morphological variables. Finally, we compared morphological variables using analyses of variance (ANOVAs) and pairwise comparisons using the Bonferroni adjustment. Body size and mass of female jaguars were similar to male pumas in southern Mexico. But, canines and mouth breadth were larger in female jaguars than in male pumas. In general, male jaguars were larger than male pumas and female jaguars were larger than female pumas, throughout the distribution of the jaguar. However, female jaguars and male pumas may have similar body mass and size in much of their sympatric distribution. Our results suggest that character displacement between jaguars and pumas might be expressed not only by their body size, but also by their skull size, the length and robustness of canines, and the mouth breadth, and these morphological differences allow for resource partitioning and the coexistence of these two species that have very similar ecological requirements.Jaguares (Panthera onca) y pumas (Puma concolor) son simpátricos a lo largo de toda la distribución del jaguar. Los pumas son de menor tamaño en las áreas de simpatría con el jaguar y su tamaño incrementa en las áreas en donde los jaguares no están presentes. Este patrón se ha explicado como un resultado de la selección natural promovido a través del desplazamiento de caracteres para evitar la competencia, al menos parcialmente. En este estudio, examinamos y comparamos las medidas del cuerpo y cránio-dentales de jaguares y pumas de un bosque lluvioso tropical del sur de México. La información del tamaño corporal fue obtenida de jaguares y pumas capturados con trampas de lazo en el sureste de México. Se realizó un análisis de componentes principales para medir la variabilidad en el tamaño entre especies y sexos y para caracterizar grupos de individuos de acuerdo a estas variables morfológicas. Finalmente, se compararon las variables morfológicas usando un análisis de varianza y pruebas de comparación de pares utilizando el ajuste de Bonferroni. Nuestros resultados indican que el tamaño del cuerpo y el peso son similares entre las hembras de jaguar y los pumas machos. Sin embargo, el largo y robustez de los caninos y la amplitud de la boca son más grandes en las hembras de jaguar que en los pumas macho...

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“…Therefore, understanding the jaguar's use and selection of resources is of high interest in terms of conserving this species and the ecosystems where it occurs. Despite the importance of the jaguar, its populations have been declining rapidly due to habitat loss in parts of Mexico and Central America (Caso et al, 2008;De la Torre et al, 2017) and it is considered to be a species in danger of extinction (Armella & Yáñez, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Current knowledge of resource selection by the jaguar suggests that it prefers forested areas near water and avoids disturbed or modified areas (Chávez, 2010;Conde et al, 2010;Cullen, 2006). The habitat components that play an important role in jaguar distribution include vegetation type and habitat continuity (De la Torre et al, 2017;Hidalgo-Mihart et al, 2017), land cover, water availability, prey (Cullen et al, 2013;Scognamillo et al, 2003), and anthropogenic activities (Núñez et al, 2002;Romeu, 1996;Sanderson et al, 2002;Zarza et al, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Habitat use of jaguar (Panthera onca) in a tropical forest in northern Quintana Roo, Mexico

Ávila-Nájera

Lazcano-Barrero²,

Chávez

et al. 2019

Rev.Mex.Biodiv.

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The study was carried out in a median stature tropical forest in the north of Quintana Roo during 2008, 2010-2012, using camera traps to record activity and habitat use by jaguar and other vertebrates. Spatial and temporal variations in habitat use, activity patterns, and species associations were analyzed using a chi-squared test (x 2 ). Generalized linear models (GLM) were used to determine which variables influenced the presence of jaguars in the study area. Jaguars were most frequently recorded in acahual (80%) and on roads (66.9%). There were significant differences between years, with selection for particular habitat and trail types in 2008 and 2011 (all χ 2 p <0.001). Jaguars were mainly crepuscular-nocturnal (68.5% records). They showed spatial associations with Meleagris ocellata, Dasypus novemncinctus, Mazama temama, Nasua narica, Odocoileus virginianus, Leopardus pardalis, Didelphis spp., and Pecari tajacu. Generalized linear models based on prey, co-predators, and human activity gave the best fit with jaguar occurrence. The felids responded to environmental changes (hurricanes and fires) by modifying their spatial and temporal use of resources. ResumenEl estudio se realizó en una selva tropical mediana del norte de Quintana Roo, México, durante 2008, 2010-2012. Se empleó la técnica de trampeo fotográfico. Las variables ambientales, los patrones de actividad y las asociaciones de especies se analizaron espacial y temporalmente mediante una prueba de ji cuadrada (x 2 ). Los modelos lineares generalizados (MLG) se usaron para determinar qué variables influyen en la presencia del jaguar en el área de estudio. El jaguar se registró con mayor frecuencia en acahuales (80%) y en caminos anchos (66.9%). Hubo diferencias significativas entre los años, con la selección de hábitat y tipos de senderos en 2008 y 2011 (x 2 p <0.001). El jaguar fue principalmente crepuscular-nocturno (68.5%). Se muestran asociaciones espaciales con Dasypus novemncinctus, Didelphis spp., Leopardus pardalis, Mazama temama, Meleagris ocellata, Nasua narica, Odocoileus virginianus y Pecari tajacu. El MLG que incluye presas potenciales, codepredadores y humanos, es el que mejor explica la presencia del jaguar en el área de estudio. Se observó una respuesta a los cambios ambientales (huracanes e incendios), estos modifican el uso espacial y temporal de los recursos.

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Spatial requirements of jaguars and pumas in Southern Mexico

Cited by 42 publications

References 76 publications

Camera traps as a tool for Carnivore conservation in a mosaic of Protected Areas in the Pantanal wetlands, Brazil

Camera traps as a tool for Carnivore conservation in a mosaic of Protected Areas in the Pantanal wetlands, Brazil

A morphological comparison of jaguars and pumas in southern Mexico

Habitat use of jaguar (Panthera onca) in a tropical forest in northern Quintana Roo, Mexico

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