Spatial Relations between Sympatric Coyotes and Red Foxes in North Dakota

Sargeant, Alan B.; Allen, Stephen; Hastings, James Odney

doi:10.2307/3801004

Cited by 138 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…We hypothesize that importance of human structures in the contemporary Sacramento Valley landscape relates to predation refuges from coyotes, a larger, sympatric, and competitively dominant canid. Coyotes compete with red foxes both through exploitation and interference and are known to be important determinants of red fox distribution and abundance in other parts of their range (Dekker 1983;Sargeant et al 1987;Sargeant and Allen 1989;Gosselink et al 2003;Van Etten et al 2007;Levi and Wilmers 2012). Nevertheless, we developed a model excluding proximity to human development specifically so that future surveys can be stratified in terms of areas where both models predict occurrence vs. where the two-variable but not the full model predicts occurrence, enabling independent, unbiased assessment of the relationship of human development to fox occurrence.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the basis of studies of red foxes in landscapes similar to modern-day Sacramento Valley, we anticipated that proximity to human development conferred protection against coyotes (Dekker 1983;Sargeant et al 1987;Sargeant and Allen 1989;Gosselink et al 2003). We used ArcGIS (v10.0; Environmental Systems Research Institute, Redlands, CA) to project locations of red fox den sites, road kills, and 34,500 randomly generated points (i.e., a density of~three points per square kilometer) and coded them with respect to the three explanatory variables: 1) vegetation class, 2) distance to grasslands (DistGrass), and 3) distance to development (DistDev).…”

Section: Data Coding In Gismentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Preliminary Range-Wide Distribution Model for the Sacramento Valley Red Fox

Sacks

Statham

Wittmer

2016

Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management

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The Sacramento Valley red fox Vulpes vulpes patwin of California is a newly named subspecies recently found to be distinct both from other native red foxes and nearby introduced populations. The Sacramento Valley red fox experienced a historical demographic bottleneck resulting in a critically small genetic effective population size, causing concern over its current status and management requirements, yet little is known about its contemporary abundance, demographic trajectory, or habitat use. The hot, arid Sacramento Valley contrasts starkly in climate and physiography with the boreal habitats of other indigenous red foxes in western North America, indicating the need to obtain information specifically on the habitat requirements of this subspecies. A 3-y effort to locate reproductive den sites throughout the Sacramento Valley resulted in 42 independent dens, which we used to obtain preliminary information on habitat use and to develop a distribution model for this subspecies, and 28 Sacramento Valley red foxes killed by vehicles, which we used as independent data to test the models. Foxes were present significantly more than expected in grasslands and less than expected in wetlands and flooded agriculture and also tended to occur in proximity to human development, potentially as refuges from coyotes Canis latrans. We used Maxent to build predictive models. The best model, which incorporated vegetation/land-use classes and proximity to human development, identified 24% of the study area as predicted-presence habitat, which contained 76% of the den sites used to construct the model and 89% of independent locations used to test the model. Our model greatly narrowed the area over which foxes are predicted to occur and will facilitate future surveys to assess occupancy and ultimately abundance and population trends.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Data Coding In Gismentioning

confidence: 99%

A Preliminary Range-Wide Distribution Model for the Sacramento Valley Red Fox

Sacks

Statham

Wittmer

2016

Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management

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“…É um animal territorial que está compartilhando sua área de vida com outros predadores, uma coexistência que pode estar se dando pela segregação alimentar espacial e temporal (BOTHMA et al, 1984;SARGEANT et al, 1987).…”

Section: A Composição Dos Carnívoros Do Parque Nacional Dos Aparados unclassified

Mamíferos carnívoros e sua relação com a diversidade de hábitats no Parque Nacional dos Aparados da Serra, sul do Brasil

Santos

Pellanda

Tomazzoni

et al. 2004

Iheringia, Sér. Zool.

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ABSTRACT. Carnivore mammals and their relation with habitat diversity in Aparados da Serra National Park, southern Brazil. A survey of carnivore mammals was accomplished in Aparados da Serra National Park from February 1998 to March 2000. The park has 10,250 ha and is considered a biodiversity core area of the Atlantic Forest Biosphere Reserve in the Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. The landscape is characterized by relatively well preserved relicts of Araucaria angustifolia (Bertol.) Kuntze forest, grasslands and Atlantic Forest, which have contributed for the survival of endangered carnivore mammals. The National Park was divided in a grid of 16 km 2 cells using a 1:50,000 scale map. The animals were recorded using indirect methods, by identifying signs (scats, tracks) and direct observation in 2.5 km long and 5 m wide transects, with 10 replicates in each grid cell. Interviews with local people were also used to confirm the animal presence. A total of 13 species was recorded: Procyon cancrivorus (Cuvier, 1798), Pseudalopex gymnocercus (G. Fischer, 1814), Leopardus pardalis (Linnaeus, 1758) and Cerdocyon thous (Linnaeus, 1766) were the most frequent species registered. Nasua nasua (Linnaeus 1766), Herpailurus yaguarondi (Lacépède, 1809), Chrysocyon brachyurus (Illiger, 1815), Eira barbara (Linnaeus, 1758), Leopardus sp., Puma concolor (Linnaeus, 1771), Galictis cuja (Molina, 1782), Conepatus chinga (Molina, 1892) and Lontra longicaudis (Olfers, 1818) showed lower frequencies. The Park presented areas with significant differences (Mantel Test, P< 0.05) in species richness and composition related to habitat classes. Areas with high habitat richness presented high species richness. The Araucaria forest was the habitat that presented the higher carnivore richness. The border areas of the Park are influenced by several environmental degradation factors that could be affecting the distribution of carnivores.

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“…), and thus reduce the overall risk of wildlife strikes by aircraft (R. Dolbeer, United States Department of Agriculture, personal communication; S. Loutitt, personal communication). Coyotes are known to predate on Red Fox in some southern regions (Voigt and Earle 1983;Sargeant et al 1987;Harrison et al 1989), although fox predation by Coyotes has not yet been reported at the Yellowknife airport. There are few site-specific wildlife studies that address relative abundance and spatial patterns of wildlife at airports (Hoffman et al 1996;Dolbeer et al 2000).…”

Section: Air-strike Riskmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extension of Coyote, <em>Canis latrans</em>, Breeding Range in the Northwest Territories, Canada

Cluff

2006

Can Field Nat

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Coyotes (Canis latrans) have resided in the Northwest Territories for several decades but have only rarely been sighted north of Great Slave Lake (>62° N. latitude) in the Taiga Shield ecozone. Records show Coyotes have been seen since the 1960s. Prior to 2000, evidence of Coyotes breeding in the Taiga Shield has been anecdotal. In 2000, a Coyote was repeatedly seen at the Yellowknife airport and in 2001, a pair of Coyotes was observed with two pups. Since then, Coyote pups have been observed annually at the airport and adult Coyotes are seen regularly within the city of Yellowknife, an urban island within the Taiga Shield ecozone. Unlike in most regions occupied by Coyotes, medium-sized prey are rarely seen. Recently, Coyotes have become a potential hazard to aircraft at the Yellowknife airport. Although Coyotes appear to have established themselves within the city of Yellowknife, maintaining a presence beyond the urbanized area remains uncertain.

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Spatial Relations between Sympatric Coyotes and Red Foxes in North Dakota

Cited by 138 publications

References 21 publications

A Preliminary Range-Wide Distribution Model for the Sacramento Valley Red Fox

A Preliminary Range-Wide Distribution Model for the Sacramento Valley Red Fox

Mamíferos carnívoros e sua relação com a diversidade de hábitats no Parque Nacional dos Aparados da Serra, sul do Brasil

Extension of Coyote, <em>Canis latrans</em>, Breeding Range in the Northwest Territories, Canada

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