Spatial patterns of nitrogen availability, mineralization, and immobilization in Northern Patagonia, Argentina

Mazzarino, Marı́a Julia; Bertiller, Mónica B.; Sain, Claudia Leticia; Laos, F.; Coronato, Fernando Raúl

doi:10.1080/15324989609381445

Cited by 54 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…While wetting soils increased laboratory net mineralization rates beneath shrubs more than interspaces in our soils and in soils from Patagonia (Mazzarino 1996), other research has shown that precipitation can have the opposite effect-increasing N availability beneath invasive annual grasses more than native shrubs (Saetre and Stark 2005). The difference among these studies likely is related to differences in the C:N ratio of microbial substrates between canopies and plant interspaces.…”

Section: Soil Inorganic N Beneath Plant Canopies and Interspaces Follmentioning

confidence: 91%

Short-term soil inorganic N pulse after experimental fire alters invasive and native annual plant production in a Mojave Desert shrubland

et al. 2010

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Post-fire changes in desert vegetation patterns are known, but the mechanisms are poorly understood. Theory suggests that pulse dynamics of resource availability confer advantages to invasive annual species, and that pulse timing can influence survival and competition among species. Precipitation patterns in the American Southwest are predicted to shift toward a drier climate, potentially altering post-fire resource availability and consequent vegetation dynamics. We quantified post-fire inorganic N dynamics and determined how annual plants respond to soil inorganic nitrogen variability following experimental fires in a Mojave Desert shrub community. Soil inorganic N, soil net N mineralization, and production of annual plants were measured beneath shrubs and in interspaces during 6 months following fire. Soil inorganic N pools in burned plots were up to 1 g m(-2) greater than unburned plots for several weeks and increased under shrubs (0.5-1.0 g m(-2)) more than interspaces (0.1-0.2 g m(-2)). Soil NO(3) (-)-N (nitrate-N) increased more and persisted longer than soil NH(4) (+)-N (ammonium-N). Laboratory incubations simulating low soil moisture conditions, and consistent with field moisture during the study, suggest that soil net ammonification and net nitrification were low and mostly unaffected by shrub canopy or burning. After late season rains, and where soil inorganic N pools were elevated after fire, productivity of the predominant invasive Schismus spp. increased and native annuals declined. Results suggest that increased N availability following wildfire can favor invasive annuals over natives. Whether the short-term success of invasive species following fire will direct long-term species composition changes remains to be seen, yet predicted changes in precipitation variability will likely interact with N cycling to affect invasive annual plant dominance following wildfire.

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Section: Soil Inorganic N Beneath Plant Canopies and Interspaces Follmentioning

confidence: 91%

Short-term soil inorganic N pulse after experimental fire alters invasive and native annual plant production in a Mojave Desert shrubland

et al. 2010

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“…In the plant patches from Patagonian Monte, the soil has higher nutrient availability, higher water infi ltration, lower soil evaporation, higher organic matter concentration, higher microbial biomass-C and enzyme activities than bare soil (Rostagno et al 1991 ;Mazzarino et al 1996 ;Bertiller et al 2002 ;Carrera et al 2005 ;Prieto et al 2011 ). Additionally, the presence of mounds favours soil aggregation and water infi ltration lessening erosion risk (Rostagno and del Valle 1988 ;Tongway et al 1989 ).…”

Section: Importance Of Vegetation Patches From Patagonian Montementioning

confidence: 93%

“…In Patagonian Monte the soil water is available in the upper soil (2.4 % soil moisture at near soil surface) during winter and early spring and it is available only in the deeper layers during summer (10.4 % soil moisture at 1.2-1.5 m depth, Bertiller et al 1991 ). Soils are aridisols calcids, typic Haplocalcids and Petrocalcids (del Valle 1998 ), with low organic matter (0.6-0.74 % organic C) and total N contents (0.08-0.1 % N) in the upper soil (Mazzarino et al 1996 ). The upper soil texture is sandy or loamy sand (Rossi and Ares 2012 ) and the mean soil moisture is very slow (4.5-6.0 % at 0-20 cm depth and 6.1-8.1 % at 20-40 cm depth, Mazzarino et al 1998 ).…”

Section: Patagonian Monte Shrublands From Argentinamentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecophysiology of Native Species from Patagonian Monte, Argentina

2016

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“…In alkaline soils of the Patagonian Monte (pH 8.23-8.61), the overall alkaline protease activity was higher in soils under plant-covered patches than in the intercanopy areas ( Fig. 11.3 ; Olivera et al 2014 ), which was possibly associated with the concentration of soil resources and microorganisms underneath plant patches (Mazzarino et al 1996 ;Prieto et al 2011 ). Moreover, a 3-year monitoring showed that the highest protease activity levels occurred in the winters with higher precipitations and soil moisture ( Fig.…”

Section: The Patagonian Montementioning

confidence: 96%

Alkaline Proteases from Patagonian Bacteria

Olivera

Iglesias

Sequeiros

2016

Biology and Biotechnology of Patagonian Microorganisms

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In addition to their ecological importance in the acquisition of nitrogenrich organic compounds, extracellular proteases also have interesting biotechnological applications. Particularly, alkaline proteases represent one of the most important groups of commercial enzymes. First, we introduce the classifi cation and catalytic mechanisms of proteases. Then, this chapter reviews the advances in the bioprospection of alkaline proteases produced by bacteria adapted to selective conditions from different environments of Patagonia (Argentina). Among them, the arid soils of the Patagonian Monte are propitious for the development of alkaliphilic microorganisms. Thus, we focus on the description of the species Bacillus patagoniensis and the biochemical and catalytic properties of its alkaline protease. Then, we discuss investigations about alkaline protease-producing bacteria from the southern Patagonian coast, the prevalence of psychrophilic and psychrotolerant strains, and the response of their extracellular proteases to temperature.

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Spatial patterns of nitrogen availability, mineralization, and immobilization in Northern Patagonia, Argentina

Cited by 54 publications

References 28 publications

Short-term soil inorganic N pulse after experimental fire alters invasive and native annual plant production in a Mojave Desert shrubland

Short-term soil inorganic N pulse after experimental fire alters invasive and native annual plant production in a Mojave Desert shrubland

Ecophysiology of Native Species from Patagonian Monte, Argentina

Alkaline Proteases from Patagonian Bacteria

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