Spatial Patterns of Leaf Carbon, Nitrogen, and Phosphorus Stoichiometry of Aquatic Macrophytes in the Arid Zone of Northwestern China

Gong, Xusheng; Xu, Zhiyan; Lu, Wei; Tian, Yun; Liu, Yaheng; Wang, Zhengxiang; Dai, Chaoyang; Zhao, Junqing; Li, Zhongqiang

doi:10.3389/fpls.2018.01398

Cited by 15 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 52 publications

(90 reference statements)

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“…As our expectation, temperature is the strongest factor affecting negatively leaf N or P. This is consistent with most of the findings at global or regional scale, supporting the temperatureplant physiology hypothesis that the increases of N and P concentration in leaves can compensate for the decreases in metabolic rate at low temperature (Niinemets, 2001;Reich and Oleksyn, 2004;Han et al, 2005;Wang et al, 2015;Gong et al, 2018). By comparison, the effect of precipitation or humidity on leaf N or P is weak and generally positive, in which the effect is greater on leaf P than leaf N. Two reasons may contribute to the result.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Leaf traits can be manifested in many types (e.g., morphology, stomatal structure, stoichiometry, and physiology) or levels (e.g., cell, tissue, and organ), and generally show different responses to climate (McDonald et al, 2003;Ordoñez et al, 2009;Meng et al, 2015;Yang et al, 2019). Consequently, quantifying and comparing the responses of different types' or levels' leaf traits to climate factors should be important for a thorough understanding of how plants adapt to climate change and drive community assembly (Ackerly et al, 2002;Wright et al, 2005;Maire et al, 2015;Gong et al, 2018;Yang et al, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Climatic factors can affect these processes/activities, and thus leaf N and P concentration (Wright et al, 2005;Wang et al, 2015;Yan et al, 2017). For two decades now, many large-scale studies have demonstrated that, to keep stable ability of photosynthetic carbon gain, plants increase their leaf N and P concentration with decreasing temperature and (or) available water to compensate for the decreasing in metabolic rate and the activity of N-rich enzymes and P-rich RNA (Niinemets, 2001;Han et al, 2005;Ordoñez et al, 2009;Wang et al, 2015;Gong et al, 2018). However, other studies that focused on regional or local trait variation often found opposite results (He et al, 2008;Zhao et al, 2014), suggesting that some critical questions of the leaf stoichiometry patterns and their determinants have not been fully revealed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Response of Leaf Traits of Eastern Qinghai-Tibetan Broad-Leaved Woody Plants to Climatic Factors

Kang

Zhou

et al. 2021

Front. Plant Sci.

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Plant ecologists have long been interested in quantifying how leaf traits vary with climate factors, but there is a paucity of knowledge on these relationships given a large number of the relevant leaf traits and climate factors to be considered. We examined the responses of 11 leaf traits (including leaf morphology, stomatal structure and chemical properties) to eight common climate factors for 340 eastern Qinghai-Tibetan woody species. We showed temperature as the strongest predictor of leaf size and shape, stomatal size and form, and leaf nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations, implying the important role of local heat quantity in determining the variation in the cell- or organ-level leaf morphology and leaf biochemical properties. The effects of moisture-related climate factors (including precipitation and humidity) on leaf growth were mainly through variability in leaf traits (e.g., specific leaf area and stomatal density) related to plant water-use physiological processes. In contrast, sunshine hours affected mainly cell- and organ-level leaf size and shape, with plants developing small/narrow leaves and stomata to decrease leaf damage and water loss under prolonged solar radiation. Moreover, two sets of significant leaf trait-climate relationships, i.e., the leaf/stomata size traits co-varying with temperature, and the water use-related leaf traits co-varying with precipitation, were obtained when analyzing multi-trait relationships, suggesting these traits as good indicators of climate gradients. Our findings contributed evidence to enhance understanding of the regional patterns in leaf trait variation and its environmental determinants.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Response of Leaf Traits of Eastern Qinghai-Tibetan Broad-Leaved Woody Plants to Climatic Factors

Kang

Zhou

et al. 2021

Front. Plant Sci.

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“…The C:N ratio is, therefore, a common and important parameter for many ecosystem process models (Kucharik et al, 2000;Zaehle et al, 2014). Previous studies have mostly focused on the characteristics (such as spatial patterns) of leaf C:N ratios (Fang, Li, Jiao, Yao, & Dui, 2019;Gong et al, 2018;Reich & Oleksyn, 2004), overlooking interactions among different plant organs.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Variation and evolution of C:N ratio among different organs enable plants to adapt to N‐limited environments

Zhang

Liu

et al. 2020

Global Change Biology

149

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Carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) are the primary elements involved in the growth and development of plants. The C:N ratio is an indicator of nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) and an input parameter for some ecological and ecosystem models. However, knowledge remains limited about the convergent or divergent variation in the C:N ratios among different plant organs (e.g., leaf, branch, trunk, and root) and how evolution and environment affect the coefficient shifts. Using systematic measurements of the leaf–branch–trunk–root of 2,139 species from tropical to cold‐temperate forests, we comprehensively evaluated variation in C:N ratio in different organs in different taxa and forest types. The ratios showed convergence in the direction of change but divergence in the rate of change. Plants evolved toward lower C:N ratios in the leaf and branch, with N playing a more important role than C. The C:N ratio of plant organs (except for the leaf) was constrained by phylogeny, but not strongly. Both the change of C:N during evolution and its spatial variation (lower C:N ratio at midlatitudes) help develop the adaptive growth hypothesis. That is, plants with a higher C:N ratio promote NUE under strong N‐limited conditions to ensure survival priority, whereas plants with a lower C:N ratio under less N‐limited environments benefit growth priority. In nature, larger proportion of species with a high C:N ratio enabled communities to inhabit more N‐limited conditions. Our results provide new insights on the evolution and drivers of C:N ratio among different plant organs, as well as provide a quantitative basis to optimize land surface process models.

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“…Additionally, the scaling exponent is not significant between different topographic features (temperate and alpine) and grassland types (steppe and meadow; Yang et al, 2010). Different allometric relationships of submerged plants have been observed under different light environments, and the reflections vary by species (Fu et al, 2012;Rao et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Variation in resource allocation strategies and environmental driving factors for different life‐forms of aquatic plants in cold temperate zones

et al. 2021

Journal of Ecology

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1. Resource allocation, including biomass allocation and nutrient allocation between different organs in a plant, reflects the trade-off in partitioning between aboveground and below-ground organs and the growth and adaptation strategies of plants in a changing environment. Although varied resource allocation patterns among different organs in different functional groups of terrestrial plants have been found, few studies have focused on freshwater ecosystems.2. In this study, to clarify biomass and nutrient allocation strategies and their responses to environmental factors, we collected and analysed 2,162 samples from 262 aquatic plant communities (including emergent plants, floating-leaved plants and submerged plants) in various aquatic habitats in north-eastern China.3. The results showed that the root/shoot (R/S) ratios of the three aquatic plant life-forms were significantly different, and the trend showed that the ratio values for the three plant life-forms occurred in the following order: emergent plants > floating-leaved plants > submerged plants. There were obvious scaling relationships between aboveground biomass, N (or P or N:P ratios) and below-ground biomass, N (or P or N:P ratios), but their scaling exponents changed among different aquatic plant life-forms. The allocation of biomass and nutrients between different organ responses to environmental factors was not consistent for the different life-forms of aquatic plants. The partial least squares path model revealed that plant stoichiometric characteristics are important direct drivers of biomass production. Climate conditions, water properties and soil nutrients indirectly affect biomass through effects on plant stoichiometric characteristics. Synthesis.Our study demonstrates that global climate change may affect water properties and soil nutrients, influence plant stoichiometric characteristics and affect aquatic plant growth, further altering aquatic plant community structure and biogeochemical cycles.

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Spatial Patterns of Leaf Carbon, Nitrogen, and Phosphorus Stoichiometry of Aquatic Macrophytes in the Arid Zone of Northwestern China

Cited by 15 publications

References 52 publications

Response of Leaf Traits of Eastern Qinghai-Tibetan Broad-Leaved Woody Plants to Climatic Factors

Response of Leaf Traits of Eastern Qinghai-Tibetan Broad-Leaved Woody Plants to Climatic Factors

Variation and evolution of C:N ratio among different organs enable plants to adapt to N‐limited environments

Variation in resource allocation strategies and environmental driving factors for different life‐forms of aquatic plants in cold temperate zones

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