Spatial patterns of climatic changes in the Eurasian north reflected in Siberian larch tree‐ring parameters and stable isotopes

Сидорова, О. В.; Siegwolf, Rolf; Saurer, Matthias; Naurzbaev, Mukhtar M.; Shashkin, A. V.; Ваганов, Е. А.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.02008.x

Cited by 69 publications

(87 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…shrubs do not observe a clear temperature effect on shrub growth (Schmidt et al, 2006;Zalatan and Gajewski, 2009), highlighting the importance to study multiple shrub species at many sites across the Arctic to assess the implications of climate changes on Arctic shrub growth rates. Shrub growth in our research site in NE-Siberia was found to be highly sensitive to early summer temperatures, as also observed for boreal tree growth in our research region Kirdyanov et al, 2003;Sidorova et al, 2010;Vaganov et al, 1999). The temperature during the period immediately following snowmelt (mid-June to mid-July) mainly determines radial growth for both B. nana and S. pulchra, in agreement with observations on controls on bud break timing for these shrub species (Pop et al, 2000).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

What are the main climate drivers for shrub growth in Northeastern Siberian tundra?

et al. 2011

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Abstract. Deciduous shrubs are expected to rapidly expand in the Arctic during the coming decades due to climate warming. A transition towards more shrub-dominated tundra may have large implications for the regional surface energy balance, permafrost stability and carbon storage capacity, with consequences for the global climate system. However, little information is available on the natural long-term shrub growth response to climatic variability. Our aim was to determine the climate factor and time period that are most important to annual shrub growth in our research site in NESiberia. Therefore, we determined annual radial growth rates in Salix pulchra and Betula nana shrubs by measuring ring widths. We constructed shrub ring width chronologies and compared growth rates to regional climate and remotely sensed greenness data. Early summer temperature was the most important factor influencing ring width of S. pulchra (Pearson's r = 0.73, p < 0.001) and B. nana (Pearson's r = 0.46, p < 0.001). No effect of winter precipitation on shrub growth was observed. In contrast, summer precipitation of the previous year correlated positively with B. nana ring width (Pearson's r = 0.42, p < 0.01), suggesting that wet summers facilitate shrub growth in the following growing season. S. pulchra ring width correlated positively with peak summer NDVI, despite the small coverage of S. pulchra shrubs (<5 % surface cover) in our research area. We provide the first climate-growth study on shrubs for Northeast Siberia, the largest tundra region in the world. We show thatCorrespondence to: D. Blok (daan.blok@wur.nl) two deciduous shrub species with markedly different growth forms have a similar growth response to changes in climate. The obtained shrub growth response to climate variability in the past increases our understanding of the mechanisms underlying current shrub expansion, which is required to predict future climate-driven tundra vegetation shifts.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

What are the main climate drivers for shrub growth in Northeastern Siberian tundra?

et al. 2011

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“…The development and dynamics of the vegetation structure and properties show a strong correlation to the summer temperature trends and growing season length [65][66][67]. Tree ring analysis, based on [68], has confirmed these findings. Moreover, the start of the growing period has shown to be shifted from June to May.…”

Section: Vegetation Structure Change Detection Using High Resolution mentioning

confidence: 56%

“…Moreover, the start of the growing period has shown to be shifted from June to May. These observations are interpreted to be a start of vegetation activity as soon as the freezing point is reached [68]. High-resolution land cover change analysis was done using a Landsat MSS (Multispectral Scanner) mosaic, which consists of two images from the same day (26 July 1973) [69,70], and two RapidEye scenes from 22 July and 1 September 2012 (40-year time difference).…”

Section: Vegetation Structure Change Detection Using High Resolution mentioning

confidence: 83%

Pan-Arctic Climate and Land Cover Trends Derived from Multi-Variate and Multi-Scale Analyses (1981–2012)

et al. 2014

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Arctic ecosystems have been afflicted by vast changes in recent decades. Changes in temperature, as well as precipitation, are having an impact on snow cover, vegetation productivity and coverage, vegetation seasonality, surface albedo, and permafrost dynamics. The coupled climate-vegetation change in the arctic is thought to be a positive feedback in the Earth system, which can potentially further accelerate global warming. This study focuses on the co-occurrence of temperature, precipitation, snow cover, and vegetation greenness trends between 1981 and 2012 in the pan-arctic region based on coarse resolution climate and remote sensing data, as well as ground stations. Precipitation significantly increased during summer and fall. Temperature had the strongest increase during the winter months (twice than during the summer months). The snow water equivalent had the highest trends during the transition seasons of the year. Vegetation greenness trends are characterized by a constant increase during the vegetation-growing period. High spatial resolution remote sensing data were utilized to map structural vegetation changes between 1973 and 2012 for a selected test region in Northern Siberia. An intensification of woody vegetation cover at the taiga-tundra transition area was found. The observed co-occurrence of climatic and ecosystem changes is an example of the multi-scale feedbacks in the arctic ecosystems.

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“…The magnitude of this isotopic response is of interest when it comes to reconstructing past regional climate changes via isotopic data retrieved from various palaeoclimate archives (e.g. Sidorova et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This exposes the potential of reconstructing past changes of the NAO strength from various δ 18 O records, for example those retrieved from lake sediments, speleothems, or tree rings (e.g. Sidorova et al, 2010) from this region. The ECHAM5-wiso results indicate that archives storing the δ 18 O signal of winter precipitation should be suitable for such a NAO reconstruction.…”

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confidence: 99%

Variations of oxygen-18 in West Siberian precipitation during the last 50 years

et al. 2014

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Abstract. Global warming is associated with large increases in surface air temperature in Siberia. Here, we apply the isotope-enabled atmospheric general circulation model ECHAM5-wiso to explore the potential of water isotope measurements at a recently opened monitoring station in Kourovka (57.04 • N, 59.55 • E) in order to successfully trace climate change in western Siberia. Our model is constrained to atmospheric reanalysis fields for the period 1957-2013 to facilitate the comparison with observations of δD in total column water vapour from the GOSAT satellite, and with precipitation δ 18 O measurements from 15 Russian stations of the Global Network of Isotopes in Precipitation. The model captures the observed Russian climate within reasonable error margins, and displays the observed isotopic gradients associated with increasing continentality and decreasing meridional temperatures. The model also reproduces the observed seasonal cycle of δ 18 O, which parallels the seasonal cycle of temperature and ranges from −25 ‰ in winter to −5 ‰ in summer. Investigating West Siberian climate and precipitation δ 18 O variability during the last 50 years, we find long-term increasing trends in temperature and δ 18 O, while precipitation trends are uncertain. During the last 50 years, winter temperatures have increased by 1.7 • C. The simulated long-term increase of precipitation δ 18 O is at the detection limit (< 1 ‰ per 50 years) but significant. West Siberian climate is characterized by strong interannual variability, which in winter is strongly related to the North Atlantic Oscillation. In winter, regional temperature is the predominant factor controlling δ 18 O variations on interannual to decadal timescales with a slope of about 0.5 ‰ • C −1 . In summer, the interannual variability of δ 18 O can be attributed to shortterm, regional-scale processes such as evaporation and convective precipitation. This finding suggests that precipitation δ 18 O has the potential to reveal hydrometeorological regime shifts in western Siberia which are otherwise difficult to identify. Focusing on Kourovka, the simulated evolution of temperature, δ 18 O and, to a smaller extent, precipitation during the last 50 years is synchronous with model results averaged over all of western Siberia, suggesting that this site will be representative to monitor future isotopic changes in the entire region.

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Spatial patterns of climatic changes in the Eurasian north reflected in Siberian larch tree‐ring parameters and stable isotopes

Cited by 69 publications

References 47 publications

What are the main climate drivers for shrub growth in Northeastern Siberian tundra?

What are the main climate drivers for shrub growth in Northeastern Siberian tundra?

Pan-Arctic Climate and Land Cover Trends Derived from Multi-Variate and Multi-Scale Analyses (1981–2012)

Variations of oxygen-18 in West Siberian precipitation during the last 50 years

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