Spatial pattern of woody plants and their environmental interpretation in the karst forest of southwest China

Tree species diversity and utilities in a contracting lowland hillside rainforest fragment in Central Vietnam

“…The boundaries of vegetation types were however blurry (Table 2). In accordance with findings of other regional studies (Potts et al 2002;Cannon and Leighton 2004;Noguchi et al 2007;Du et al 2013), this suggests that tree species distributions were strongly influenced by a mixture of relatively stochastic (e.g. propagule dispersal, forest disturbance) and more deterministic (e.g.…”

Spatial variability of soil nutrients in Juglans regia plantations in depressions between karst hills

“…There was moderate spatial dependence for TK, AN, and AK in 2-year-old plantations; for pH, AP, and AK in 10-year-old plantations; and for AP in 33-year-old plantations (0.25 < C 0 /C 0 + C < 0.75). Strong spatial autocorrelation of soil chemical characteristics suggested that structural factors (e.g., topography, parent material, and climate) rather than random factors contribute to this spatial variability [13,20]. Moderate spatial autocorrelation of some nutrients suggested the influence of both structural and random factors [15].…”

“…Normality of data was assessed using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test before geostatistical analysis, and the geostatistical analysis was carried out with GS+ 9.0 [16]. The experimental semivariograms and fitted models were selected according to Refs [11,13]. In these semivariograms, the nugget effect (C 0 ) represents the undetectable experimental error and field variation within the minimum sampling space, and the sill (C 0 + C) represents the total spatial variation.…”

“…During recent years, forests have degenerated to various degrees into mixed communities at different successional stages as a result of a fast-growing population and intensive soil utilization [13]. In this region, the walnut J. regia, a popular food worldwide, has been planted since the 1950s, and the plantation area has increased dramatically since 2000 with the implementation of China ' s Grain-to-Green Program [14].…”

Crop biomass and root morphology in maize/soybean strip intercropping system in karst region

“…In maize/soybean intercropping system, maize is sown and space is left open between the maize strips to enable sowing of soybean [6]. Previous studies have investigated the nutrient uptake [7,8], root distribution [9,10] and water-use efficiency [11,12] of this planting pattern. However, these researches were mainly conducted in non-karst area.…”