Spatial Pattern of the Unidirectional Trends in Thermal Bioclimatic Indicators in Iran

Pour, Sahar Hadi; Wahab, Ahmad Khairi Abd; Shahid, Shamsuddin; Wang, Xiaojun

doi:10.3390/su11082287

Cited by 55 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 80 publications

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“…Evapotranspiration (ET), the process of water release to the atmosphere, plays a crucial role in irrigation management [1], water balance estimation [2], surface runoff estimation [3], groundwater level prediction [4], water stress assessment [5], reservoir management [6], daily flux modelling [7], and climate change impact assessment [8]. It determines the crop irrigation requirement and thus, irrigation management, the introduction of new crop, or crop scheduling to adapt to climate change [9][10][11]. It is a major component that defines surface runoff and therefore, important for designing drainage and hydraulic structure [12,13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Empirical Reference Evapotranspiration Models Using Compromise Programming: A Case Study of Peninsular Malaysia

et al. 2019

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Selection of appropriate empirical reference evapotranspiration (ETo) estimation models is very important for the management of agriculture, water resources, and environment. Statistical metrics generally used for performance assessment of empirical ETo models, on a station level, often give contradictory results, which make the ranking of methods a challenging task. Besides, the ranking of ETo estimation methods for a given study area based on the rank at different stations is also a difficult task. Compromise programming and group decision-making methods have been proposed in this study for the ranking of 31 empirical ETo models for Peninsular Malaysia based on four standard statistical metrics. The result revealed the Penman-Monteith as the most suitable method of estimation of ETo, followed by radiation-based Priestley and Taylor and the mass transfer-based Dalton and Meyer methods. Among the temperature-based methods, Ivanov was found the best. The methodology suggested in this study can be adopted in any other region for an easy but robust evaluation of empirical ETo models.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Empirical Reference Evapotranspiration Models Using Compromise Programming: A Case Study of Peninsular Malaysia

et al. 2019

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“…Rises in temperature have been noticed all over the world due to the emission of greenhouse gasses [1][2][3][4]. The increase in temperature over the globe is not uniform as many local factors affect the land surface temperature [5,6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Surface Water Bodies on the Land Surface Temperature of Bangladesh

et al. 2019

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Recent climate change has resulted in the reduction of several surface water bodies (SWBs) all around the globe. These SWBs, such as streams, rivers, lakes, wetlands, reservoirs, and creeks have a positive impact on the cooling of the surrounding climate and, therefore, reduction in SWBs can contribute to the rise of land surface temperature (LST). This study presents the impact of SWBs on the LST across Bangladesh to quantify their roles in the rapid temperature rise of Bangladesh. The moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) LST and water mask data of Bangladesh for the period 2000–2015 are used for this purpose. Influences of topography and geography on LST were first removed, and then regression analysis was conducted to quantify the impact of SWBs on the LST. The non-parametric Mann–Kendall (MK) test was used to assess the changes in LST and SWBs. The results revealed that SWBs were reduced from 11,379 km2 in 2000 to 9657 km2 in 2015. The trend analysis showed that changes in SWBs have reduced significantly at a 90% level of confidence, which contributed to the acceleration of LST rise in the country due to global warming. The spatial analysis during the specific years showed that an increase in LST can be seen with the reduction of SWBs. Furthermore, the reduction of 100 m2 of SWBs can reduce the LST of the surrounding regions from −1.2 to −2.2 °C.

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“…Gauge-based gridded precipitation and temperature data of GPCC and CRU, respectively, were used in this study for the assessment of CWD. Though GPCC precipitation and CRU temperature were found to replicate observed precipitation and temperature in Iraq reliably [35], significant uncertainties are still associated with gridded climate data [64,65]. In future, other gridded precipitation and temperature data can be used to assess the uncertainties in CWA and CWD due to gridded climate data.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Changes in Climatic Water Availability and Crop Water Demand for Iraq Region

et al. 2020

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Decreases in climatic water availability (CWA) and increases in crop water demand (CWD) in the background of climate change are a major concern in arid regions because of less water availability and higher irrigation requirements for crop production. Assessment of the spatiotemporal changes in CWA and CWD is important for the adaptation of irrigated agriculture to climate change for such regions. The recent changes in CWA and CWD during growing seasons of major crops have been assessed for Iraq where rapid changes in climate have been noticed in recent decades. Gridded precipitation of the global precipitation climatology center (GPCC) and gridded temperature of the climate research unit (CRU) having a spatial resolution of 0.5°, were used for the estimation of CWA and CWD using simple water balance equations. The Mann–Kendall (MK) test and one of its modified versions which can consider long-term persistence in time series, were used to estimate trends in CWA for the period 1961–2013. In addition, the changes in CWD between early (1961–1990) and late (1984–2013) periods were evaluated using the Wilcoxon rank test. The results revealed a deficit in water in all the seasons in most of the country while a surplus in the northern highlands in all the seasons except summer was observed. A significant reduction in the annual amount of CWA at a rate of −1 to −13 mm/year was observed at 0.5 level of significance in most of Iraq except in the north. Decreasing trends in CWA in spring (−0.4 to −1.8 mm/year), summer (−5.0 to −11 mm/year) and autumn (0.3 to −0.6 mm/year), and almost no change in winter was observed. The CWA during the growing season of summer crop (millet and sorghum) was found to decrease significantly in most of Iraq except in the north. The comparison of CWD revealed an increase in agricultural water needs in the late period (1984–2013) compared to the early period (1961–1990) by 1.0–8.0, 1.0–14, 15–30, 14–27 and 0.0–10 mm for wheat, barley, millet, sorghum and potato, respectively. The highest increase in CWD was found in April, October, June, June and April for wheat, barley, millet, sorghum and potato, respectively.

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Spatial Pattern of the Unidirectional Trends in Thermal Bioclimatic Indicators in Iran

Cited by 55 publications

References 80 publications

Evaluation of Empirical Reference Evapotranspiration Models Using Compromise Programming: A Case Study of Peninsular Malaysia

Evaluation of Empirical Reference Evapotranspiration Models Using Compromise Programming: A Case Study of Peninsular Malaysia

Influence of Surface Water Bodies on the Land Surface Temperature of Bangladesh

Changes in Climatic Water Availability and Crop Water Demand for Iraq Region

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