Spatial Pattern of Strawberry Powdery Mildew (<i>Podosphaera aphanis</i>) and Airborne Inoculum

Heyden, Hervé Van der; Lefebvre, Marie; Roberge, L.; Brodeur, Luc; Carisse, Odile

doi:10.1094/pdis-10-12-0946-re

Cited by 17 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Such spores can be captured effectively by active volumetric samplers, which usually can quantify the amount of spores per volume of air but need to operate for an extended time for the detection of relatively rare spores, such as those of crop pathogens ( 1 , 19 ). Installing samplers just above the crop canopy ( 1 ) and increasing the number of samplers for a larger spatial scale of monitoring may reliably monitor airborne inocula ( 3 , 20 ). In one study, Carisse et al ( 3 ) used rotating-arm air samplers to monitor the aerial conidium concentration of Botrytis leaf blight ( Botrytis squamosa ) and the relationship with lesion density on onion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing Performance of Spore Samplers in Monitoring Aeromycobiota and Fungal Plant Pathogen Diversity in Canada

Chen

Hambleton

Seifert

et al. 2018

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Spore samplers are widely used in pathogen surveillance but not so much for monitoring the composition of aeromycobiota. In Canada, a nationwide spore-sampling network (AeroNet) was established as a pilot project to assess fungal community composition in air and rain samples collected using three different spore samplers in the summers of 2010 and 2011. Metabarcodes of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) were exhaustively characterized for three of the network sites, in British Columbia (BC), Québec (QC), and Prince Edward Island (PEI), to compare performance of the samplers. Sampler type accounted for ca. 20% of the total explainable variance in aeromycobiota compositional heterogeneity, with air samplers recovering more Ascomycota and rain samplers recovering more Basidiomycota. Spore samplers showed different abilities to collect 27 fungal genera that are plant pathogens. For instance, Cladosporium spp., Drechslera spp., and Entyloma spp. were collected mainly by air samplers, while Fusarium spp., Microdochium spp., and Ustilago spp. were recovered more frequently with rain samplers. The diversity and abundance of some fungi were significantly affected by sampling location and time (e.g., Alternaria and Bipolaris) and weather conditions (e.g., Mycocentrospora and Leptosphaeria), and depended on using ITS1 or ITS2 as the barcoding region (e.g., Epicoccum and Botrytis). The observation that Canada's aeromycobiota diversity correlates with cooler, wetter conditions and northward wind requires support from more long-term data sets. Our vision of the AeroNet network, combined with high-throughput sequencing (HTS) and well-designed sampling strategies, may contribute significantly to a national biovigilance network for protecting plants of agricultural and economic importance in Canada.IMPORTANCE The current study compared the performance of spore samplers for collecting broad-spectrum air- and rain-borne fungal pathogens using a metabarcoding approach. The results provided a thorough characterization of the aeromycobiota in the coastal regions of Canada in relation to the influence of climatic factors. This study lays the methodological basis to eventually develop knowledge-based guidance on pest surveillance by assisting in the selection of appropriate spore samplers.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing Performance of Spore Samplers in Monitoring Aeromycobiota and Fungal Plant Pathogen Diversity in Canada

Chen

Hambleton

Seifert

et al. 2018

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…However, the LAMP assay does not require expensive technology or formal training for DNA extraction and the detection of inoculum (Notomi et al ., ), making it suitable for commercial use with grapevine growers conducting the detection analyses. This study, in conjunction with other studies (Falacy et al ., ; Carisse et al ., , ; Van der Heyden et al ., ), also demonstrates that there may be benefit to managing polycyclic diseases, at least those caused by other Erysiphales, using airborne inoculum detection assays. In both sampling years, the L‐LAMP detection results were not significantly different from that of the qPCR detection results, indicating that the extraction assay was sufficient for detection (Table ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Development of a grower‐conducted inoculum detection assay for management of grape powdery mildew

et al. 2015

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Management of grape powdery mildew (Erysiphe necator) and other polycyclic diseases often relies on calendar‐based pesticide application schedules that assume the presence of inoculum. An inexpensive, loop‐mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay was designed to quickly detect airborne inoculum of E. necator to determine when to initiate a fungicide application programme. Field efficacy was tested in 2010 and 2011 in several commercial and research vineyards in the Willamette Valley of Oregon from pre‐bud break to véraison. In each vineyard, three impaction spore traps were placed adjacent to the trunk. One trap was maintained and used by the grower to conduct the LAMP assay (G‐LAMP) on‐site and the other two traps were used for laboratory‐conducted LAMP (L‐LAMP) and quantitative PCR assay (qPCR). Using the qPCR as a gold standard, L‐LAMP was comparable with qPCR in both years, and G‐LAMP was comparable to qPCR in 2011. Latent class analysis indicated that qPCR had a true positive proportion of 98% in 2010 and 89% in 2011 and true negative proportion of 96% in 2010 and 64% in 2011. An average of 3·3 fewer fungicide applications were used when they were initiated based on spore detection relative to the grower standard practice. There were no significant differences in berry or leaf incidence between plots with fungicides initiated at detection or grower standard practice plots, suggesting that growers using LAMP to initiate fungicide applications can use fewer fungicide applications to manage powdery mildew compared to standard practices.

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“…Likewise, there are few applications of the Hermite distribution in the ecological sciences (Nilsen & Wyller, ). The NB remains a popular choice for modelling over‐dispersion (Lynch et al ., ; Van der Heyden et al ., ; Fall et al ., ). The CMP was reintroduced to the scientific community by Shmueli et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Probability distributions for marketable pods and white mould on snap bean

Shah

Dillard

Pethybridge

2017

Annals of Applied Biology

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White mould, caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, is one of the most recalcitrant diseases of snap bean. Probability distributions suitable for describing the total number of marketable pods (hereafter simply referred to as pods) per plant, as well as for the number of pods and stems with white mould per plant, have not been identified. The total number of pods and the number of pods and stems with white mould were measured on a per plant basis in plots of processing snap bean (var. Hystyle) in New York. The total number of pods per plant ranged from 0 to 29, and was best described by the Pólya-Aeppli distribution. The number of pods and the number of stems with white mould per plant were well-described by the negative binomial (NB) distribution. A Sarmanov bivariate distribution with NB marginals was derived and fitted to the joint data on the number of pods and stems with white mould per plant, accounting for correlation between pods and stems with white mould on the same plant. The bivariate distribution was used to formulate an empirical equation for the incidence of plants with white mould as a function of the average number of pods and stems with white mould per plant. The results represented a more complete understanding of the distributional properties of white mould in snap bean.

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Spatial Pattern of Strawberry Powdery Mildew (Podosphaera aphanis) and Airborne Inoculum

Cited by 17 publications

References 25 publications

Assessing Performance of Spore Samplers in Monitoring Aeromycobiota and Fungal Plant Pathogen Diversity in Canada

Assessing Performance of Spore Samplers in Monitoring Aeromycobiota and Fungal Plant Pathogen Diversity in Canada

Development of a grower‐conducted inoculum detection assay for management of grape powdery mildew

Probability distributions for marketable pods and white mould on snap bean

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