Spatial Organization of Innovation in the Oil Equipment Manufacturing Industry: Case of Dongying, China

Abstract

As innovation and technological change have become increasingly important for the competitiveness and sustainable growth of firms, cooperative innovation is now crucial for traditional industries in the context of globalization. This paper proposes a framework for analyzing the spatial pattern of cooperative innovation for traditional industries in developing countries. Based on in-depth interviews with 35 firms in the oil equipment manufacturing industry in Dongying City, China, this study argues that different firms in the innovation pyramid have various innovation activity preferences and spatial patterns. Firms with high innovation abilities tend to cooperate with various partners that are geographically dispersed and continuously expanding, while firms with inferior abilities usually cooperate with nearby fixed partners. Due to the differences in innovation environment and actor locations, firms tend to make different choices regarding innovation types and models, which highlight the importance of personnel training and basic scientific research at the global scale and practical product research and development at the national scale. Additionally, talent flow is the most important way to realize relationships for firm innovation activity.

Spatiotemporal differentiation and driving mechanisms of high-level Grade A tourist attractions in the Yangtze River Delta City Cluster

“…The center of gravity model can be used to summarize the spatial center of gravity change trajectory of geographic elements [ 50 ], with the help of which this paper analyzes the center of gravity migration direction and distance of high-level Grade A tourist attractions in the YRD urban agglomerations with the following formulas: where X and Y denote the coordinates of the center of gravity of the tourist attractions, X i and Y i are the coordinates of each study unit, and W i is the number of tourist attractions in the i th study unit.…”

“…The center of gravity model can be used to summarize the spatial center of gravity change trajectory of geographic elements [50], with the help of which this paper analyzes the center of gravity migration direction and distance of high-level Grade A tourist attractions in the YRD urban agglomerations with the following formulas:…”

Functional genomics of Brassica napus: Progress, challenges, and perspectives

“…To improve the undesired fatty acid composition of B. napus, the low erucic acid variety "Oro" and the low-glucosinolate variety "Bronowski" are utilized for breeding improvement. The ratio of cultivars with double-low characteristics (low erucic acid and glucosinolate) in China has surpassed 90%, enabling the cultivation of high-yielding double-low hybrid B. napus (Wang, 2010). By 2021, B. napus seed production reached 14.7 million tons, accounting for over one-third of the national oilseed crop production in China.…”

Dynamic Characteristics and Evolution Analysis of China’s Rural Population Migration Networks from 2000 to 2020 Based on the Perspective of Regional Differences

“…These studies have found that the total number of rural migrants has been increasing [40]. The main agglomeration area for rural migrants is the eastern coastal region [41][42][43], with their distribution in the city overlapping with the industrial layout to a large extent [44][45][46]. The distance factor is an obstacle to the migration of the rural population [47].…”