Spatial Openness as a Practical Metric for Evaluating Built-up Environments

Fisher-Gewirtzman, Dafna; Wagner, Israel A.

doi:10.1068/b12861

Cited by 89 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The notion of a "Spatial Openness Index" (SOI) developed in [8,9] measures the volume of visual perception within a surrounding sphere from a given point of view, but without defining its shape. Other techniques to measure 2D and 3D visibility in an urban environment are shown in [10], which calculate the visibility of pixel coordinates on Digital Elevation Models (DEMs).…”

Section: Vector Datasets Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Variations in 3D Spatial Search Techniques on Mobile Query Speed vs. Accuracy

Yin¹,

Carswell²

2012

Web and Wireless Geographical Information Systems

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Abstract. This paper presents three Spatial Search Algorithms for determining the three dimensional visibility shape (threat dome) at a user's current location in a built environment. Users then utilize this 3D shape as their query "window" to retrieve information on only those objects visible within a spatial database. Visibility shape searching addresses the information overload problem by providing "Hidden Query Removal" functionality for mobile LBS. This functionality will be especially useful in the Web 4.0 era when trillions of micro-sensors become available for query through standard IP access.

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Section: Vector Datasets Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Variations in 3D Spatial Search Techniques on Mobile Query Speed vs. Accuracy

Yin¹,

Carswell²

2012

Web and Wireless Geographical Information Systems

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“…In Refs. [23,24], the authors used the spatial openness index, which is a computerized tool to measure the quantity of the open space viewed from buildings surrounding it, specifically from the center of every building, where the viewer stands. The building's height was considered and included in the angle of view which is assumed to be better in the higher floors.…”

Section: Literature Review On Visual Opennessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of the Relationship between Building Arrangement and Visibility of Open Spaces Based on a Simplified Area Evaluation

Meziani¹

2016

JCEA

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This paper studies which building arrangement will provide the maximum visibility to an example of open space proposed in the Abu Dhabi 2030 Master Plan. The building forms, the distance between the buildings, the setback and the building heights would all affect visibility and were considered closely. Although this research methodology could be applied to any site in different situations, it remains simple and interesting. It can be applied in general, with a change of the variables (setback, distance between buildings, building height, building form), to any site by both professionals and students who can simply use any CAD program for producing drawing in both the architectural or urban designs phases, hence the importance of this research. Two different building arrangements were proposed and studied: a linear and an L-shaped arrangement. After applying the simulations, it appears that the L-shape offers more visibility to the open space. The outcomes of this study were combined with another research project that studies the same building arrangements to test the possible climatic comfort provided in outdoor spaces in order to encourage the use of open spaces and walkability in the studied area.

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“…It can explore the 3D visibility and permeability of spatial configurations as illustrated in figure 1 and 2. It was the first real attempt to simulate human three dimensional visual perceptions [15,16]. SOI measurements in alternative spatial configurations were correlated with comparative perceived density, thus, the objective measurements indicated the subjective response.…”

Section: The Spatial Openness Indexmentioning

confidence: 99%

3D models as a platform for urban analysis and studies on human perception of space

Fisher-Gewirtzman

2012

Usage, Usability, and Utility of 3D City Models – European COST Action TU0801

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Abstract. The objective of this work is to develop an integrated visual analysis and modelling for environmental and urban systems in respect to interior space layout and functionality. This work involves interdisciplinary research efforts that focus primarily on architecture design discipline, yet incorporates experts from other and different disciplines, such as Geoinformatics, computer sciences and environmentbehavior studies. This work integrates an advanced Spatial Openness Index (SOI) model within realistic geovisualized Geographical Information System (GIS) environment and assessment using subjective residents' evaluation. The advanced SOI model measures the volume of visible space at any required view point practically, for every room or function. This model enables accurate 3D simulation of the built environment regarding built structure and surrounding vegetation. This paper demonstrates the work on a case study. A 3D model of Neve-Shaanan neighbourhood in Haifa was developed. Students that live in this neighbourhood had participated in this research. Their apartments were modelled in details and inserted into a general model, representing topography and the volumes of buildings. The visual space for each room in every apartment was documented and measured and at the same time the students were asked to answer questions regarding their perception of space and view from their residence. The results of this research work had shown potential contribution to professional users, such as researchers, designers and city planners. This model can be easily used by professionals and by non-professionals such as city dwellers, contractors and developers. This work continues with additional case studies having different building typologies and functions variety, using virtual reality tools.

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Spatial Openness as a Practical Metric for Evaluating Built-up Environments

Cited by 89 publications

References 8 publications

Effects of Variations in 3D Spatial Search Techniques on Mobile Query Speed vs. Accuracy

Effects of Variations in 3D Spatial Search Techniques on Mobile Query Speed vs. Accuracy

Study of the Relationship between Building Arrangement and Visibility of Open Spaces Based on a Simplified Area Evaluation

3D models as a platform for urban analysis and studies on human perception of space

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