Spatial Modulation for Generalized MIMO: Challenges, Opportunities, and Implementation

Abstract

International audienceA key challenge of future mobile communication research is to strike an attractive compromise between wireless network's area spectral efficiency and energy efficiency. This necessitates a clean-slate approach to wireless system design, embracing the rich body of existing knowledge, especially on multiple-input-multiple-ouput (MIMO) technologies. This motivates the proposal of an emerging wireless communications concept conceived for single-radio-frequency (RF) large-scale MIMO communications, which is termed as SM. The concept of SM has established itself as a beneficial transmission paradigm, subsuming numerous members of the MIMO system family. The research of SM has reached sufficient maturity to motivate its comparison to state-of-the-art MIMO communications, as well as to inspire its application to other emerging wireless systems such as relay-aided, cooperative, small-cell, optical wireless, and power-efficient communications. Furthermore, it has received sufficient research attention to be implemented in testbeds, and it holds the promise of stimulating further vigorous interdisciplinary research in the years to come. This tutorial paper is intended to offer a comprehensive state-of-the-art survey on SM-MIMO research, to provide a critical appraisal of its potential advantages, and to promote the discussion of its beneficial application areas and their research challenges leading to the analysis of the technological issues associated with the implementation of SM-MIMO. The paper is concluded with the description of the world's first experimental activities in this vibrant research field

Phase rotation‐based precoding for spatial modulation systems

“…(1) In contrast to the traditional transmit precoding conceived for conventional MIMO systems [23,24], the introduction of single-RF-aided PRP in SM-MIMO does not jeopardise the advantages of SM, such as the avoidance of the IAI and the relaxation of the IAS [1,6]. (2) Compared with the ASM scheme of [16][17][18] and to the power allocation (PA)-aided SM of [25], the PRP-aided SM only adapts the phases of the SM symbols in order to maximise the FD and hence to improve the attainable BER.…”

“…SM only needs a single-radio-frequency (RF) chain, which is a substantial benefit. As a further advantage, it is capable of relaxing the inter-antenna synchronisation (IAS) specifications, while mitigating the inter-antenna interference (IAI) at the transmitter [6]. Moreover, the single-RF design is capable of employing a low-complexity single-stream maximum-likelihood (ML) detector and offering an increased energy efficiency compared with multiple-RF-chain-based schemes.…”

Precoder design for space shift keying in MIMO systems with limited feedback

“…Recently, spatial modulation (SM) [1] transmission scheme in multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems has drawn substantial attentions [2][3]. The SM-MIMO systems exploiting both spatial dimension and amplitude and phase modulation (APM) to convey information bits differ from the conventional approach which uses only APM to convey information.…”

“…Therefore the cost of the transceiver can be reduced. Furthermore, the fewer number of RF chains reduces the energy consumption of the transmitter since the RF chains are among the most energy-consuming components within the transmitter [3], [6][7]. Therefore SM-MIMO systems can provide much better energy efficiency.…”

A Compressed Sensing-Based Signal Recovery Technique for Multi-User Spatial Modulation Systems

“…이런 문제점을 해 결하기 위한 대안으로 공간변조(Spatial Modulation, SM)기법이 제안되었다 [2] . 공간변조 [3] , 2명 이상의 사용자가 존재하는 시 스템 환경을 가정한 경우에는 Maximum Likelihood (ML) 검출기법을 고려하여 송신신호를 복원하였다 [4] . 그러나 ML 최근 공간변조 시스템에서 압축센싱기법을 이용하 여 활성화된 안테나 인덱스를 검출하는 기법이 제안 되었다 [8] .…”