Spatial Modeling of COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy in the United States

Mollalo, Abolfazl; Tatar, Moosa

doi:10.3390/ijerph18189488

Cited by 58 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…A recent publication regarding COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in the US, showed that the geospatial disparity of vaccine hesitancy is highly correlated with socio-economics covariates (eg, ethnicity, income, etc), and the authors advocated the role of policymakers, community groups, and faith leaders in increasing public trust to reduce vaccine hesitancy. 164 Vaccine hesitancy in some European countries were linked to concerns about safety and efficacy besides the speed with which these vaccines were developed. 138,139,142 The conspicuous pattern of declining rates of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance observed in different countries in this review (Australia, Ethiopia, France, Japan and Jordan), can appear antithetical considering the accumulating evidence of safety and efficacy of the currently approved COVID-19 vaccines.…”

Section: Dovepressmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Global Map of COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptance Rates per Country: An Updated Concise Narrative Review

Sallam¹,

Alsanafi²,

Sallam³

2022

JMDH

181

151

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The delay or refusal of vaccination, which defines vaccine hesitancy, is a major challenge to successful control of COVID-19 epidemic. The huge number of publications addressing COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy necessitates periodic review to provide a concise summary of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance rates worldwide. In the current narrative review, data on COVID-19 vaccine acceptance rates were retrieved from surveys in 114 countries/ territories. In East and Southern Africa (n = 9), the highest COVID-19 vaccine acceptance rate was reported in Ethiopia (92%), while the lowest rate was reported in Zimbabwe (50%). In West/ Central Africa (n = 13), the highest rate was reported in Niger (93%), while the lowest rate was reported in Cameroon (15%). In Asia and the Pacific (n = 16), the highest rates were reported in Nepal and Vietnam (97%), while the lowest rate was reported in Hong Kong (42%). In Eastern Europe/Central Asia (n = 7), the highest rates were reported in Montenegro (69%) and Kazakhstan (64%), while the lowest rate was reported in Russia (30%). In Latin America and the Caribbean (n = 20), the highest rate was reported in Mexico (88%), while the lowest rate was reported in Haiti (43%). In the Middle East/North Africa (MENA, n = 22), the highest rate was reported in Tunisia (92%), while the lowest rate was reported in Iraq (13%). In Western/Central Europe and North America (n = 27), the highest rates were reported in Canada (91%) and Norway (89%), while the lowest rates were reported in Cyprus and Portugal (35%). COVID-19 vaccine acceptance rates ≥60% were seen in 72/114 countries/territories, compared to 42 countries/territories with rates between 13% and 59%. The phenomenon of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy appeared more pronounced in the MENA, Europe and Central Asia, and Western/ Central Africa. More studies are recommended in Africa, Eastern Europe and Central Asia to address intentions of the general public to get COVID-19 vaccination.

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Section: Dovepressmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Global Map of COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptance Rates per Country: An Updated Concise Narrative Review

Sallam¹,

Alsanafi²,

Sallam³

2022

JMDH

181

151

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…[15, 48]) and aggregated level in England and internationally (e.g. [10, 49]). Additionally, in line with [50], who found that people with a physical health condition before the pandemic were more likely to take up the offer of vaccination, we also highlighted that areas more aware of the health risk due to COVID-19 are characterised by higher uptake.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Community-level characteristics of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in England: A nationwide cross-sectional study

Bucyibaruta¹,

Marta²,

Konstantinoudis³

2022

Preprint

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One year after the start of the COVID-19 vaccination programme in England, more than 43 million people older than 12 years old had received at least a first dose. Nevertheless, geographical differences persist, and vaccine hesitancy is still a major public health concern; understanding its determinants is crucial to managing the COVID-19 pandemic and preparing for future ones. In this cross-sectional population-based study we used cumulative data on the first dose of vaccine received by 01-01-2022 at Middle Super Output Area level in England. We used Bayesian hierarchical spatial models and investigated if the geographical differences in vaccination uptake can be explained by a range of community-level characteristics covering socio-demographics, political view, COVID-19 health risk awareness and targeting of high risk groups and accessibility. Deprivation is the covariate most strongly associated with vaccine uptake (Odds Ratio 0.55, 95\%CI 0.54-0.57; most versus least deprived areas). The most ethnically diverse areas have a 38\% (95\%CI 36-40\%) lower odds of vaccine uptake compared with those least diverse. Areas with the highest proportion of population between 12 and 24 years old had lower odds of vaccination (0.87, 95\%CI 0.85-0.89). Finally increase in vaccine accessibility is associated with higher COVID-19 uptake (OR 1.07, 95\%CI 1.03-1.12). Our results suggest that one year after the start of the vaccination programme, there is still evidence of inequalities in uptake, affecting particularly minorities and marginalised groups. Strategies including prioritising active outreach across communities and removing practical barriers and factors that make vaccines less accessible are needed to level up the differences.

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“…Using a multiscale geographically weighted regression model, Mollalo and Tatar [45] analyzed spatial heterogeneity of COVID-19 full-vaccination rates across all counties in the continental US using social vulnerability index data. They found that the model explains over 79% of the variance of vaccination rate based on per capita income and minority (%) (with positive impacts), and age 17 and younger (%), mobile homes (%), and uninsured people (%) (with negative effects).…”

Section: Risk Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Marcec, Majta[31] D, R 3 Mollalo and Tatar[45] D, N, M 5indicates the theme used in the study. * D-Descriptive; R-Exploratory; N-Explanatory; M-Modeling.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial Analysis of COVID-19 Vaccination: A Scoping Review

Mollalo

Mohammadi

Mavaddati

et al. 2021

IJERPH

Self Cite

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Spatial analysis of COVID-19 vaccination research is increasing in recent literature due to the availability of COVID-19 vaccination data that usually contain location components. However, to our knowledge, no previous study has provided a comprehensive review of this research area. Therefore, in this scoping review, we examined the breadth of spatial and spatiotemporal vaccination studies to summarize previous findings, highlight research gaps, and provide guidelines for future research. We performed this review according to the five-stage methodological framework developed by Arksey and O’Malley. We screened all articles published in PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and Web of Science databases, as of 21 September 2021, that had employed at least one form of spatial analysis of COVID-19 vaccination. In total, 36 articles met the inclusion criteria and were organized into four main themes: disease surveillance (n = 35); risk analysis (n = 14); health access (n = 16); and community health profiling (n = 2). Our findings suggested that most studies utilized preliminary spatial analysis techniques, such as disease mapping, which might not lead to robust inferences. Moreover, few studies addressed data quality, modifiable areal unit problems, and spatial dependence, highlighting the need for more sophisticated spatial and spatiotemporal analysis techniques.

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Spatial Modeling of COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy in the United States

Cited by 58 publications

References 48 publications

A Global Map of COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptance Rates per Country: An Updated Concise Narrative Review

A Global Map of COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptance Rates per Country: An Updated Concise Narrative Review

Community-level characteristics of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in England: A nationwide cross-sectional study

Spatial Analysis of COVID-19 Vaccination: A Scoping Review

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