Spatial metabolomics reveals potential biomarkers for red secretory cavities in Atractylodes lancea natural accessions

Abstract

Atractylodes lancea, known as Cangzhu in Chinese , has been widely used in the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). The colour of secretory cavity (SC) at Atractylodis Rhizoma (AR) differs greatly among geographic origins and cinnabar-like red SCs of AR is considered of high quality in TCM. However, chemical basis underlying this colour variation across natural accessions and within plant tissues are largely unknown, impeding implications of efficacy of cinnabar-like spots for Cangzhu in TCM. Here, we carried out laser capture microdissection (LCM) based metabolomics on three A. lancea natural accessions with distinct AR colour patterns. Multivariate statistics across various SC types identified three polyacetylenes significantly associated with the red SCs of AR. Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) further indicated that they are likely the causal compounds underlying the cinnabar-like colour of SCs in A. lancea. We thus provide a clear example of using spatial metabolomics to reveal key metabolite markers associated with important pharmaceutical properties by using very limited number of natural accessions in a non-model plant. It will further guide the elucidation of biosynthetic pathways for polyacetylenes in herbaceous plant A. lancea.

Imaging plant metabolism in situ

“…For example, the red anthocyanins of strawberries were mainly located in the periphery of fruit at late maturity stages associated with antioxidant roles ( Wang et al , 2021 ). In the medicinal plant Atractylodes lancea , the color of the rhizoma secretory cavities is often associated with quality, and this color varies widely among accessions ( Jiang et al , 2022 , Preprint). MSI found that three polyacetylenes were probably contributing to the red color and could serve as a biomarker for trait selection.…”

Authenticating the geographic origins of Atractylodes lancea rhizome chemotypes in China through metabolite marker identification

“…For instance, a variaty of A. lancea known as Maoshan Cangzhu (Maocangzhu in Chinese), native to Maoshan of Jiangsu Province, China, exhibits higher quality due to its elevated essential oil content. Moreover, the cross section of the Maocangzhu rhizome exhibits brown-red oil glands, which are regarded as desirable traits contributing to its superior quality ( Hao and Xiao, 2018 ; Jiang et al., 2022 ).…”