“…Since the development of cointegration tests by Johansen (1988), Johansen and Juselius (1990) and Johansen (1991), the error correction framework has been used to examine spatial arbitrage and the law of one price for commodities, trade conditions, and purchasing power parity, to name a few prominent examples (Corbae and Ouliaris, 1988;Enders, 1988;Kim, 1990;Goodwin and Schroeder, 1991;Goodwin, 1992;Johansen and Juselius, 1992;Chowdhury, 1993;Kugler and Lenz, 1993;Adamowicz and Luckert, 1997;Bahmani-Oskooee, 1998;Asche et al, 1999;Boyd, Caporale and Smith, 2001;Goodwin and Piggott, 2001;Caporale and Chui, 2002;Sephton, 2003;Hoover et al, 2008).…”