Spatial mapping of the internal and external electromagnetic fields of negative index metamaterials

Justice, B.J.; Mock, Jack J.; Guo, Liheng; Degiron, Aloyse; Schurig, David; Smith, David R.

doi:10.1364/oe.14.008694

Cited by 97 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The functionalities of the above waveguide structure can be characterized by testing the sample of finite height inside a parallel-plate waveguide system 36 . The system consists of two flat conducting plates spaced 6 mm apart, whereas inside the gap the TE mode is dominant.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Broadband asymmetric waveguiding of light without polarization limitations

Hou

et al. 2013

Nat Commun

110

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Optical diodes are fundamental elements for optical computing and information processing. Attempts to realize such non-reciprocal propagation of light by breaking the time-reversal symmetry include using indirect interband photonic transitions, the magneto-optical effect, optical nonlinearity or photonic crystals. Alternatively, asymmetric reciprocal transmission of light has been proposed in photonic metamaterial structures for either circularly or linearly polarized waves. Here we employ the recent concept of gradient index metamaterials to demonstrate a waveguide with asymmetric propagation of light, independent of polarization. The device blocks both transverse electric and magnetic polarized modes in one direction but transmits them in the other for a broadband spectrum. Unlike previous works using chiral properties of metamaterials, our device is based on the principle of momentum symmetry breaking at interfaces with phase discontinuities. Experiments in the microwave region verify our findings, which may pave the way to feasible passive optical diodes.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Broadband asymmetric waveguiding of light without polarization limitations

Hou

et al. 2013

Nat Commun

110

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“…Gradient absorber FL-4500CL, manufactured by ETS-Lindgren, was used to prevent reflection at the edge of the PPW, similar to that described in [21]. While Justice et.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The exact frequencies over which the medium exhibits a stopband (a negative permeability) cannot be accurately determined from Figure 9, since the impedance, index of refraction and attenuation constant of the slab all play an important role in determining the magnitude of S 21 . In contrast, the stopband edges are clearly defined in Figure 8, which shows the propagating eigenmodes of the negative permeability medium.…”

Section: A Negative Permeability Stopband Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Demonstration and Modeling of Material Responses Achieved Through Contradirectional Coupling

Grbic¹

2008

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“…The sample is placed in a near-field scanning system (microwave planar waveguide) [26], as shown in Fig. 4, where the upper and lower metal plates form the planar waveguide to ensure transverse electromagnetic (TEM) mode invariable between the plates along the z-axis.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Zero phase delay induced by wavefront modulation in photonic crystals

2013

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A new mechanism for generation of efficient zero phase delay of electromagnetic wave propagation based on wavefront modulation is investigated in this paper. Both numerical simulations and experiment have demonstrated the zero phase delay behaviors of wave propagation in a two-dimensional triangular photonic crystal. The zero phase delay propagation, independent of the propagating distance, is attributed to an invariable wavefront modulation of photonic crystal in the direction of wave propagation, where the phase velocity is perpendicular to the group velocity with parallel wavefronts (or phasefronts) extending along the direction of energy flow. This effect can be extended to the three-dimensional cases or other artificially engineered materials, and may open a new route to obtain perfect zero-phase-delay propagation for electromagnetic wave instead of using zero-index or zero-averaged-index materials and have significant potential in many applications.Recently, great efforts have been made to construct materials with zero or near-zero-n with quasi-uniform phase and infinite wavelength [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. Zero-n materials have a series of exciting potential applications, such as wavefront reshaping [10], beam self-collimation [5,13], extremely convergent lenses [17], etc. One of their most important applications is the optical links in lumped nanophotonic circuits that can guide light over hundreds of wavelengths without introducing phase variations so as to reduce the unwanted effects of frequency dispersion. Several different strategies have been applied to realize the zero-n material (or zero permittivity ε). One of them was to use metallic metamaterial structures with effective permittivity and/or permeability near zero [7,8]. Usually these materials suffer from strong resonance loss and hence the greatly deteriorated transmission efficiency. Alternative approaches include the microwave waveguides below cutoff [9], the combination of negative-and positive-index materials [13] or the periodic superlattice formed by alternating strips of positive index homogeneous dielectric media and negative index photonic crystals (PhCs) [18] with zero phase accumulation of a wave travelling through the whole superlattice. However, all these configurations require high fabrication precision and complicated architecture. Therefore, it is preferred to find an efficient and simpler way to achieve zero phase delay propagation of electromagnetic wave (EMW).Wavefront modulation supplies a novel method to realize equal phase

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Spatial mapping of the internal and external electromagnetic fields of negative index metamaterials

Cited by 97 publications

References 30 publications

Broadband asymmetric waveguiding of light without polarization limitations

Broadband asymmetric waveguiding of light without polarization limitations

Demonstration and Modeling of Material Responses Achieved Through Contradirectional Coupling

Zero phase delay induced by wavefront modulation in photonic crystals

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