Spatial Legume Composition and Diversity across Seeded Landscapes

Harmoney, Keith R.; Moore, Kenneth J.; Brummer, E. Charles; Burras, C. Lee; George, J. R.

doi:10.2134/agronj2001.935992x

Cited by 31 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Mixtures based on highly productive forage species performed better (higher yield, better persistence) on heavier soils with greater waterholding capacity, whereas mixtures with deeper rooting drought-tolerant grasses performed better on droughty sandy soils. Landscape position can have a large effect on the establishment, productivity, and persistence of legumes and also affects plant species diversity in pastures (Harmoney et al 2001;Guretzky et al 2004Guretzky et al , 2005. Most temperate pasturelands are highly variable in soils, landscape, and climate and fulfill multiple functions for producers, such as animal production, soil and water quality protection, along with aesthetic and social values.…”

Section: Alternative Approaches To Designingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant species diversity, ecosystem function, and pasture Management—A perspective

Sanderson¹,

Goslee²,

Soder³

et al. 2007

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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2007. Plant species diversity, ecosystem function, and pasture management-A perspective. Can. J. Plant Sci. 87: 479-487. Grassland farmers face many challenges in pasture management including improving sustainability, reducing inputs of fertilizers and pesticides, and protecting soil resources. In this paper we provide our perspective on managing plant diversity within and among pastures as one tool to aid producers in meeting these challenges. Pasture ecosystems can be highly diverse, with a complex array of organisms contributing to ecosystem functioning. Within the broad range of plant and animal biodiversity in pastures, plant species diversity may be the most amenable to manipulation or management. Reported benefits of plant diversity in grasslands include: increased forage production, greater ecosystem stability in response to disturbance, and reduced invasion by exotic species such as weeds. Some view diversity as a sort of insurance policy where different species contribute in their own time or can take the place of species that fail from stress or mismanagement. Using mixtures of several forages in pastures, in some instances, can improve forage yield and reduce weed invasions. Pasture management for increased plant species diversity, however, is not simply mixing and planting as many forage species as possible. The kinds and amounts of different forage species along with their arrangement within and among pastures at the farm scale are critical features that must be considered. Tools must be developed to determine the appropriate species mixtures for varying soils, landscapes, climate and purposes to fulfill multiple functions for producers.. et Deak, A. 2007. Diversité des espèces végétales, fonction de l'écosystème et gestion des pâturages-un point de vue. Can. J. Plant Sci. 87: 479-487. Pour les agriculteurs des prairies, la gestion des pâturages pose maintes difficultés parmi lesquelles comment rendre ces derniers plus durables, comment réduire l'usage des engrais et des pesticides, et comment préserver les ressources du sol. Dans cet article, les auteurs donnent leur point de vue sur la gestion de la diversité des espèces végétales dans le pâturage et entre les pâturages en tant qu'outil susceptible d'aider les producteurs à surmonter ces difficultés. L'écosystème des pâturages varie considérablement, un ensemble complexe d'organismes concourant à son fonctionnement. Parmi la grande variété de plantes et d'animaux qui peuplent un pâturage, c'est la diversité des espèces végétales qu'on pourrait sans doute le mieux modifier et gérer. Parmi les avantages de la diversité végétale dans les prairies, mentionnons une plus grande production fourragère, une meilleure stabilité de l'écosystème advenant une perturbation et une résistance accrue à l'envahissement par des espèces exotiques telles les adventices. Certains voient dans la diver-sité une police d'assurance, les différentes espèces contribuant à l'ensemble le moment venu ou se substituant aux espèces qui cèdent au stress ou aux erreurs de gestion....

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Section: Alternative Approaches To Designingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant species diversity, ecosystem function, and pasture Management—A perspective

Sanderson¹,

Goslee²,

Soder³

et al. 2007

Can. J. Plant Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…of forage relative to pastures managed without legumes (Russelle, 1992;Sleugh et al, 2000;Harmoney et al, 2001). Improvements in cattle weight gains and production in legume-interseeded pastures have been related to increases in digestible dry matter (DM) and crude protein (CP) yields (Schaefer et al, 2014) and reduction in neutral detergent fiber (NDF) concentrations compared with cool-season grass monocultures (Barnett and Posler, 1983;Sleugh et al, 2000;.…”

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Dietary Nutritive Value, Dung Quality, Decomposition, and Nutrient Movement into Soil in Smooth Bromegrass Pastures

et al. 2019

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Legumes increase forage nutritive value in pastures; however, literature addressing the impacts on dietary nutritive value, dung quality, decomposition, and nutrient movement into soil remains scarce. Cattle grazing legume‐interseeded smooth bromegrass (Bromus inermis Leyss.) pastures may select diets with greater nutritive value and consequently produce dung that decomposes faster and increases nutrient movement into soil relative to cattle grazing N‐fertilized and unfertilized smooth bromegrass pastures. In 2014 and 2015, we collected rumen and dung samples from replicated experiments to evaluate effects of season (June and August), pasture type (legume‐interseeded, N‐fertilized, and unfertilized pastures), and harvest time (3, 7, and 30 d after deposition) on dietary nutritive value, dung quality, dung decomposition, and nutrient movement into soil. Cattle grazing legume‐interseeded pastures had similar dietary crude protein concentrations but 11% less dietary neutral detergent fiber concentrations than cattle grazing N‐fertilized pastures. Dung from cattle grazing legume‐interseeded pastures, meanwhile, had 5 to 12% greater N concentrations than dung from cattle grazing N‐fertilized and unfertilized pastures. From 3 to 30 d after deposition, dung C/N ratio decreased from 20.0 to 16.5; whereas, dry matter remaining diminished to 77.5%. Dung C/N ratio and dry matter remaining did not vary with season or pasture type. At Day 7, soil below dung from cattle grazing legume‐interseeded pastures had 20 and 42% greater inorganic N than soil below dung from N‐fertilized and unfertilized pastures. This research showed that pastures with legumes increases dietary nutritive value, resulting in greater dung quality and increased N movement into soil.

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“…All legumes have limitations (Leep et al, 2002), so it is likely that only one or two species can maximize productivity in a given environment (Beuselinck et al, 1994; Skinner et al, 2004), especially in productive sites (Harmoney et al, 2001) under grazing (Leep et al, 2002). Even when more complex pastures mixtures are sown, the number of persistent species often declines within a few seasons (Skinner et al, 2004; Tracy and Sanderson, 2004b; Wedin et al, 1965). Alfalfa has been the legume of choice in most of the USA (Haynes, 1980), but bloat is a concern in addition to stand longevity (Guldan et al, 2000; Lauriault et al, 2005a; Rumburg, 1978).…”

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Performance of Irrigated Tall Fescue–Legume Communities under Two Grazing Frequencies in the Southern Rocky Mountains, USA

et al. 2006

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Irrigated pastures form a significant component of agriculture in the irrigated steppe of the southern Rocky Mountains, USA. Information is limited, however, describing performance of grazed binary perennial cool-season grass-legume mixtures in the region. Established monoculture tall fescue [Festuca arundinacea Schreb. 5 Lolium arundinaceum (Schreb.) S.J. Darbyshire] 1 134 kg N ha 21 (MONO) and tall fescue mixed with alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) (ALF/TF), birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.) (BFT/TF), cicer milkvetch (Astragalus cicer L.)

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Spatial Legume Composition and Diversity across Seeded Landscapes

Cited by 31 publications

References 27 publications

Plant species diversity, ecosystem function, and pasture Management—A perspective

Plant species diversity, ecosystem function, and pasture Management—A perspective

Dietary Nutritive Value, Dung Quality, Decomposition, and Nutrient Movement into Soil in Smooth Bromegrass Pastures

Performance of Irrigated Tall Fescue–Legume Communities under Two Grazing Frequencies in the Southern Rocky Mountains, USA

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