Spatial learning and memory in male mice with altered growth hormone action

Basu, Amrita; McFarlane, Hewlet G.; Kopchick, John J.

doi:10.1016/j.yhbeh.2017.04.001

Cited by 22 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…An exemplary display of the delayed aging related cognitive decline in the 12-15-month old GHRKO mice was observed when they outperformed same-aged WT littermates and scored as well as 2~3-month old WT mice in the Morris Water Maze test for spatial learning and cognitive memory (268). In contrast, bGH mice performed poorly in cognitive tests as reported by us and others (269,270). In an inhibitory avoidance test, 6-month-old bGH mice performed to the same level as 25-month-old WT mice indicating an accelerated decline in learning and memory retention (269).…”

Section: Cognitive Studies With Ghrko Micesupporting

confidence: 52%

“…In an inhibitory avoidance test, 6-month-old bGH mice performed to the same level as 25-month-old WT mice indicating an accelerated decline in learning and memory retention (269). We recently showed poor spatial learning and short term memory retention of bGH mice in Barne's Maze studies wherein the dwarf GHA mice showed significantly superior results above WT littermates (270). The GHA mice used more direct search strategies and committed significantly less errors than same-aged littermates in the study while bGH mice performed significantly poorer than both GHA as well as WT littermates of same age (270).…”

Section: Cognitive Studies With Ghrko Micementioning

confidence: 88%

“…We recently showed poor spatial learning and short term memory retention of bGH mice in Barne's Maze studies wherein the dwarf GHA mice showed significantly superior results above WT littermates (270). The GHA mice used more direct search strategies and committed significantly less errors than same-aged littermates in the study while bGH mice performed significantly poorer than both GHA as well as WT littermates of same age (270). A study by Schrag et al using organotypic slice system culture of hippocampal tissue of adult mice reported decreased hyperphosphorylation of tau proteins induced by Abeta-25-35 in Ames mice (271).…”

Section: Cognitive Studies With Ghrko Micementioning

confidence: 99%

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MECHANISMS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY: Lessons from growth hormone receptor gene-disrupted mice: are there benefits of endocrine defects?

Basu

Qian

Kopchick

2018

European Journal of Endocrinology

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Growth hormone (GH) is produced primarily by anterior pituitary somatotroph cells. Numerous acute human (h) GH treatment and long-term follow-up studies and extensive use of animal models of GH action have shaped the body of GH research over the past 40-50 years. Work on the GH receptor (R) knock-out (GHRKO) mice and results of studies on GH resistant Laron Syndrome (LS) patients have helped define many physiological actions of GH including those dealing with metabolism, obesity, cancer, diabetes, cognition, and aging/longevity. In this review, we have discussed several issues dealing with these biological effects of GH and attempt to answer the question of whether decreased GH action may be beneficial.

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Section: Cognitive Studies With Ghrko Micesupporting

confidence: 52%

Section: Cognitive Studies With Ghrko Micementioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Cognitive Studies With Ghrko Micementioning

confidence: 99%

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MECHANISMS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY: Lessons from growth hormone receptor gene-disrupted mice: are there benefits of endocrine defects?

Basu

Qian

Kopchick

2018

European Journal of Endocrinology

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“…Conversely, decreased GH secretion is associated with cognitive impairments, as shown in elderly men and GH‐deficient adult men . In the same way, a recent study has demonstrated the negative impact on learning and memory of increased GH activity in bovine GH (bGH) transgenic mice, while GH receptor antagonist (GHA) transgenic mice showed normal or even better learning capabilities …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Chronic adult‐onset of growth hormone/IGF‐I hypersecretion improves cognitive functions and LTP and promotes neuronal differentiation in adult rats

et al. 2019

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Aim:Besides their metabolic and endocrine functions, the growth hormone (GH) and its mediated factor, the insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I), have been implicated in different brain functions, including neurogenesis. Long-lasting elevated GH and IGF-I levels result in non-reversible somatic, endocrine and metabolic morbidities.However, the subcutaneous implantation of the GH-secreting (GH-S) GC cell line in rats leads to the controllable over-secretion of GH and elevated IGF-I levels, allowing the experimental study of their short-term effects on brain functions. Methods: Adult rats were implanted with GC cells and checked 10 weeks later, when a GH/IGF-I-secreting tumour was already formed. Results: Tumour-bearing rats acquired different operant conditioning tasks faster and better than controls and tumour-resected groups. They also presented better retentions of long-term memories in the passive avoidance test. Experimentally evoked long-term potentiation (LTP) in the hippocampus was also larger and longer lasting in the tumour bearing than in the other groups. Chronic adult-onset of GH/IGF-I hypersecretion caused an acceleration of early progenitors, facilitating a faster neural differentiation, maturation and integration in the dentate gyrus, and increased the complexity of dendritic arbours and spine density of granule neurons. Conclusion: Thus, adult-onset hypersecretion of GH/IGF-I improves neurocognitive functions, long-term memories, experimental LTP and neural differentiation, migration and maturation.

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“…The "paradoxical" cognitive improvement and protection against hypothalamic inflammation in aged GHR-knockout mice may be related to the higher insulin sensitivity observed in these animals (11) as insulin resistance has been linked with impaired cognition and is a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (23,24). Accordingly, 12-month-old transgenic mice that overexpress a GHR antagonist exhibited improved insulin sensitivity and learning, whereas overexpressed GH caused insulin resistance and impaired memory retention (31). Thus, these studies indicate that excess GH has a negative impact on cognition, while inhibition of GH action can improve spatial learning and memory during aging, even though these effects may be secondary to changes in insulin sensitivity (Figure 2).…”

Section: Cognitive Effects Of Ghmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of growth hormone in the central nervous system

Wasinski

Frazão

Donato

2019

Archives of Endocrinology and Metabolism

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Growth hormone (GH) is best known for its effect stimulating tissue and somatic growth through the regulation of cell division, regeneration and proliferation. However, GH-responsive neurons are spread over the entire central nervous system, suggesting that they have important roles in the brain. The objective of the present review is to summarize and discuss the potential physiological importance of GH action in the central nervous system. We provide evidence that GH signaling in the brain regulates the physiology of numerous functions such as cognition, behavior, neuroendocrine changes and metabolism. Data obtained from experimental animal models have shown that disruptions in GH signaling in specific neuronal populations can affect the reproductive axis and impair food intake during glucoprivic conditions, neuroendocrine adaptions during food restriction, and counter-regulatory responses to hypoglycemia, and they can modify gestational metabolic adaptions. Therefore, the brain is an important target tissue of GH, and changes in GH action in the central nervous system can explain some dysfunctions presented by individuals with excessive or deficient GH secretion. Furthermore, GH acts in specific neuronal populations during situations of metabolic stress to promote appropriate physiological adjustments that restore homeostasis. Arch

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Spatial learning and memory in male mice with altered growth hormone action

Cited by 22 publications

References 72 publications

MECHANISMS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY: Lessons from growth hormone receptor gene-disrupted mice: are there benefits of endocrine defects?

MECHANISMS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY: Lessons from growth hormone receptor gene-disrupted mice: are there benefits of endocrine defects?

Chronic adult‐onset of growth hormone/IGF‐I hypersecretion improves cognitive functions and LTP and promotes neuronal differentiation in adult rats

Effects of growth hormone in the central nervous system

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