Spatial insolation models for photovoltaic energy in Canada

McKenney, Daniel W.; Pelland, Sophie; Poissant, Yves; Morris, Robert J.; Hutchinson, Michael F.; Papadopol, Pia; Lawrence, Kevin; Campbell, K

doi:10.1016/j.solener.2008.04.008

Cited by 37 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Accurate estimation of spatially continuous long-term solar radiation data is necessary information for solar electricity projects, building design processes, irrigation scheduling strategies, hydrologic models, crop simulation models, and different land management techniques such as reforestation. Collecting radiation data in most countries is costly, difficult, and involves uncertainties, so solar radiation data are usually only recorded by a few meteorological stations [3]. For this reason, over the last few decades, many models have been developed for representing the spatio-temporal variability of global solar radiation that are applied in design and planning of solar energy systems, including recent satellitebased models, or predictive models based on correlations of solar radiation with sunshine duration, air temperature, cloud observations, and other weather data (Table 1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel time-effective model for daily distributed solar radiation estimates across variable terrain

Mirmasoudi

Byrne

Kroebel³

et al. 2018

Int J Energy Environ Eng

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Accurate and precisess estimation of spatio-temporal variability of solar radiation is critical. Some commonly used models evaluate this variability using methods in which the data required for estimating atmospheric attenuation may not be easily accessible for some study areas. Here, a daily solar radiation estimation method which uses ambient air temperature, a Digital Elevation Model, time of year, and monthly radiation estimates from Solar Analyst model has been proposed. The objective was to use air temperature-based empirical models for atmospheric transmissivity and diffuse fractions to vary total monthly radiation estimation from Solar Analyst, and then calculate total daily radiation as a fraction of total monthly radiation by applying a daily transmissivity-based ratio, as air temperature data are readily available at most locations on the planet. Results revealed that daily solar radiation can be estimated very well, with Mean Absolute Bias Error of around 40-53 W m −2 or Mean Bias Error of ± 10%, under all sky conditions at seven sites in diverse climate regions, using significantly less input data. The presented method is an improvement over previously used methods with Mean Bias Error of under 10% but more input parameters. Furthermore, the hourly solar radiation values can be calculated using the presented method using the ratio between daily and hourly radiation, for example from literature values and estimated daily insolation. The result also showed that the method is more useful for those stations with substantially higher numbers of sunny days than cloudy or partly cloudy days because the uncertainty of the model decreased from cloudy to sunny sky conditions. The implemented Digital Elevation Models environment of this method makes it applicable in many studies that need spatial estimation of solar radiation, especially for solar energy generation projects. Keywords Solar radiation · Digital elevation model · Solar analyst · Atmospheric transmissivity · Air temperature Abbreviations

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel time-effective model for daily distributed solar radiation estimates across variable terrain

Mirmasoudi

Byrne

Kroebel³

et al. 2018

Int J Energy Environ Eng

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“…Several spatial interpolation methods can be found in the literature, such as natural neighbour interpolation (Dinis et al 2009), inverse functions of distance (Pons and Ninyerola 2008), multiple linear regression (Daly et al 1994), splines (McKenney et al 2008) or kriging (Ruiz-Arias et al 2011). The results of different studies, which compare deterministic and stochastic methods for the interpolation of environmental variables, show that the kriging method presents considerable advantages over the deterministic interpolation procedures (Luo et al 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Book of Proceedings: Seventh Workshop, Sunny Beach, Bulgaria, 1-5 June 2015

2015

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Kalinichenko, A.A. Konovalenko1 A.I.Brazhenko, V.V. Solov'ev CME Bubnov, A.A. Stanislavsky, A.A. Konovalenko, S. Yerin, A.A. Gridin, A.A. Koval Advances in solar bursts observations by the low-frequency radio telescopes of a new age Abstract.The GOES data for the flare proton energies of 10 -100 MeV are analyzed. Proton fluxes ~ 10 32 acceleration takes at the current sheet decay. Proton acceleration of in a flare occurs along a singular line of the current sheet by the Lorentz electric field, as in the pinch gas discharge. The pulse of protons duration is by 2 -3 orders of magnitude longer than the duration of flares. The high-energy proton flow from the flares that appear on the Western part of the solar disk arrive to Earth with the time of flight. These particles propagate along magnetic lines of the Archimedes spiral connecting the flare with the Earth. Protons from the flare on the Eastern part of the solar disk begin to register with a delay of more than three hours. Such particles cannot get on the magnetic field line connecting the flare with the Earth. These protons reach the Earth, moving across the interplanetary magnetic field. The particles captured by the magnetic field of the solar wind are transported with solar wind and due to diffusion across the magnetic field. The patterns of solar cosmic rays generation demonstrated in this report are not detected during the small (Ф ≤ 1 см -2 с -1 стер -1 ) proton events. IntroductionAbout 30% of big flares (class X and even less class M) are accompanied by a flux of relativistic protons. Part of these protons hits the Sun and causes nuclear reactions. The other part of the protons propagates into the interplanetary medium. Despite decades of the effort, the relativistic flare protons remain the least studied manifestation of the flare [1]. The energy of the charged particles in the interplanetary plasma can change only due to the emission or movement along the electric field MdV/dt = eE + e[V×B]/c. The change of the energy of a particle moving in the field is dW = eE r dr. The electric field may be of different origin: the field of another charged particle (at a collision), space charge field, in particular due to polarization of charges in the plasma, the field induction dB/dt, etc. At the scattering by inhomogeneities of the magnetic field the particle can change the energy only due to motion in the electric field associated with a magnetic field fluctuation. This was clearly articulated in the well known work of Berezhko E. G., and Krymsky G. F. [2]: "Possibility of charged particles acceleration in the plasma in the related electric fields." The change of the energy at scattering by a magnetic fluctuation is determined by the magnitude and spatial scale of the electric field in such fluctuations Two possibilities of solar cosmic rays generation are discussed in the literature: a). Proton acceleration in the Lorentz electric field E rec = -V rec ×B cs /c along the singular lines (in particular the line B=0) in the current sheet during magnetic r...

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“…In most cases, insolation is the result of the interactions between all these factors (Duffie & Beckman, 1991;Hofierka & Suri, 2002). To make modeling of solar radiation even more challenging, insolation data sets are expensive to collect and in Canada, as well as in other countries (with the exception of the United States and the European Union), few meteorological stations record such data (Hofierka & Suri, 2002;McKenney et al, 2008). Approaches used to determine solar radiation over a large geographic regions often derive spatial databases of solar radiation using different interpolation techniques e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Those for Africa and selected developing countries were accomplished upon funding from the European Commission 4 and the United Nations Environment Program (UNEP) 5 respectively and they mostly appear on the web as simple images, which are of limited value for further regional research and analysis. For Canada, insolation maps exist in the Natural Resources Canada's Photovoltaic System Design Manual, NASA SSE worldwide maps and at the Great Lakes Forestry Centre (McKenney et al, 2008). Again these resources suffer from low resolution with the finest being 300 arc seconds (~ 10 km), which is much larger than any existing solar farm.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Again these resources suffer from low resolution with the finest being 300 arc seconds (~ 10 km), which is much larger than any existing solar farm. The level of accuracy of all three approaches has been shown to be quite similar and reliable, which makes the choice of an appropriate method rest on available data, required precision, and scale/time frame (McKenney et al, 2008). Solar radiation models integrated within GIS have been found to eliminate the complexity of programming GIS functions into mathematical models (Hokierka & Suri, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Estimating potential photovoltaic yield with r.sun and the open source Geographical Resources Analysis Support System

Nguyên

Pearce²

2010

Solar Energy

106

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Abstract:The package r.sun within the open source Geographical Resources Analysis Support System (GRASS) can be used to compute insolation including temporal and spatial variation of albedo and solar photovoltaic yield. A complete algorithm is presented covering the steps of data acquisition and preprocessing to post simulation whereby candidate lands for incoming solar farms projects are identified. The optimal resolution to acquire reliable solar energy outputs to be integrated into PV system design software was determined to be 1 square km. A case study using the algorithm developed here was performed on a North American region encompassing fourteen counties in Southeastern Ontario. It was confirmed for the case study that Ontario has a large potential for solar electricity. This region is found to possess over 935,000 acres appropriate for solar farm development, which could provide 90 GW of PV. This is nearly 60% of Ontario's projected peak electricity demand in 2025. The algorithm developed and tested in this paper can be generalized to any region in the world in order to foster the most environmentally-responsible development of large-scale solar farms.

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Spatial insolation models for photovoltaic energy in Canada

Cited by 37 publications

References 17 publications

A novel time-effective model for daily distributed solar radiation estimates across variable terrain

A novel time-effective model for daily distributed solar radiation estimates across variable terrain

Book of Proceedings: Seventh Workshop, Sunny Beach, Bulgaria, 1-5 June 2015

Estimating potential photovoltaic yield with r.sun and the open source Geographical Resources Analysis Support System

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