Spatial imaging of glycoRNA in single cells with ARPLA

Smart DNA sensors‐based molecular identification for cancer subtyping

“…For example, the glycoRNA which was first demonstrated to exist in cell membranes by Bertozzi's group was then found to be expressed inhomogeneously on normal and cancer cells. [64,12] This may provide a possible candidate for cancer subtyping. Recently, as one of the most common types of protein modification, protein glycosylation, which is associated with tumor subtypes, has also attracted extensive attention from the researchers.…”

“…[10] Another obvious advantage of DNA sensors is their talent in signal amplification. Either the enzyme-assisted polymerization, such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) [11] and rolling circle amplification (RCA), [12] or the toehold-mediated strand displacement (TMSD) including hybridization chain reaction (HCR) [13] and catalytic hairpin assembly (CHA), [14] has exhibited superior capability in signal amplification, which allows the assays of trace targets of sub-picomole or lower. Finally, the interactions and thermodynamics of DNA hybridizations are highly predictable.…”

Engineered aptamers for molecular imaging

“…(B) A schematic illustration of ARPLA imaging for glycoRNA and the imaging of cells. Adapted with permission 34. Copyright 2023, Nature Research.…”

State-of-the-Art Imaging Tool Portray the Role of GlycoRNAs in Cancer- and Immuno-Biology

“…Doubtless, this textbook-changing discovery of glycoRNAs ignited buzz and attention among RNA and glyco-biologists. In a recent report in Nature Biotechnology , Lu and colleagues proposed a method called ARPLA ( a ptamer and R NA in situ hybridization-mediated p roximity l igation a ssay), to shine a light on this dark matter in the cell universe . ARPLA uses two binding probes, i.e., glycan-binding aptamer and RNA in situ hybridization probe, to achieve simultaneous dual recognition of glycoRNA (Figure a).…”

“…(a–c) Schematic illustration of glycoRNA in situ imaging using ARPLA (a), visualization of glycoRNAs in malignant transformation (b), and visualization of glycoRNA levels during THP-1 differentiation and activation by LPS (c) Scale bar: 40 μm. Reproduced with permission from ref . Copyright 2023 Springer Nature Ltd.…”