Spatial heterogeneity of the Tucuruí Reservoir (State of Pará, Amazonia, Brazil) and the distribution of zooplanktonic species

Abstract

With the purpose of analyzing the horizontal distribution of the zooplankton community of the Tucuruí Reservoir in the State of Pará, Brazil, collections were made at 16 stations during August 1988. The stations cover the regions called Caraipé (C), Araçagi (B) and Ararão (A), and represent the different compartments of this ecosystem in regard to the morphometry and the presence or absence of "flooded forest". Our findings showed the existence of three compartments with different limnological characteristics determined as a function of the system's morphometry, a factor that may have influenced the horizontal circulation of the reservoir's water and, consequently, led to physical, chemical and biological differences at each of the sampled stations. All the stations presented physical and chemical stratification and layers of total anoxia or reduced concentrations of oxygen dissolved at depths corresponding to the limit of the euphotic zone. With regard to the zooplankton, a differentiated distribution that was mainly quantitative was found among the compartments (density of organisms and proportion among the species) in the case of Cladocera and Copepoda, and basically qualitative in the case of Rotifera. On the other hand, the greatest densities of organisms for all the groups were recorded at the Caraipé stations. As for the spatial distribution, some species were more restricted or more abundant at given stations. Among the Cladocera, there was a greater abundance of Moina minuta, Bosmina hagmani and Bosminopsis deitersi at the Araçagi stations, while C. cornuta intermedia, C. cornuta rigaudi and C. cornuta cornuta were more plentiful in the Caraipé and Diaphanosoma birgei in the Ararão. Among the Rotifera, Trochosphaera aequatoriales and Lecane proiecta, Ascomorpha ecaudis, besides Polyartha cf vulgaris were restricted, respectively, to the Caraipé, Araçagi and Ararão stations, while the others, such as Keratella americana and Collotheca sp., were more broadly distributed. As regards Copepoda Calanoida, the dominating species was found to be Notodiaptomus maracaibenses, followed by Notodiaptomus henseni and Argyrodiaptomus azevedoi. The most abundant Cyclopoda species was Thermocyclops minutus, although Thermocyclops decipiens, Mesocyclops longisetus, Mesocyclops meridianus e Metacyclops sp. were also found.

Synthesis of Brazilian Rotifera: an updated list of species

“…Brachionus dolabratus Harring, 1915 Syn. : Brachionus dolabratus dolabratus (Harring, 1915) Ahlstrom 1938Hauer 1953;Krau 1967;Hardy 1980;Koste and Robertson 1983;Sendacz and Costa 1991;Bozelli 1992;Segers et al 1993b (RT); Dabés 1995;Campos et al 1996;Espíndola et al 1996;Nunes et al 1996;Garcia et al 1998;Espíndola et al 2000; Landa and Mourgés-Schurter 2000a,b; Sampaio and Lopez 2000;Keppeler 2003;Neves et al 2003;Bonecker et al 2005;Cabianca 2005; de Melo et al 2006 (ZE); Abra 2007;Batista 2007;Branco et al 2007;Eskinazi-Sant´Anna et al 2007;Bonecker et al 2009;Ferraz et al 2009;Santos 2010;. Brachionus donneri Brehm, 1951 Turner and da Silva 1992.…”

“…: Keratella lenzi caudata Syn. : Keratella lenzi lenzi Hauer, 1953Hauer 1953Krau 1967;Schaden 1978;Koste and Robertson 1983;Reid and Turner 1988;Matsumura-Tundisi et al 1990;Sendacz and Costa 1991;Bozelli 1992;Dabés 1995;Campos et al 1996;Espíndola et al 1996;Nunes et al 1996;Garcia et al 1998;Branco et al 2000;Esteves et al 2000; Landa and Mourgés-Schurter 2000a,b;Espíndola et al 2000; Sampaio and Lopez 2000; Moretto 2001;Landa et al 2002;Neves et al 2003;Ulloa 2004;Bonecker et al 2005;Cabianca 2005;Leitão et al 2006;Serafim-Júnior et al 2006; Abra 2008;Batista 2007; EskinaziSant´Anna et al 2007;Nascimento 2008;Palazzo et al 2008;Bonecker et al 2009;Ferraz et al 2009;. Keratella paludosa (Lucks, 19122000.…”

Relations among planktonic rotifers, cyclopoid copepods, and water quality in two Brazilian reservoirs

“…Reservoirs are manmade water bodies and are also considered intermediate ecosystems between rivers and lakes (Thornton, 1990;Tundisi, 1990;Espíndola et al, 2000). Urban reservoirs have several social services and available environments used for fishing, recreation, tourism, and water supply, and are also submitted to many forces due to it is multiple uses, such as discharge of solid residues, shore degradation, punctual and non-punctual sources of phosphorus, sedimentation and intense urban occupation (Tundisi et al, 2008).…”

Water quality changes in floodplain lakes due to the Amazon River flood pulse: Lago Grande de Curuaí (Pará)

“…This increase can be both natural and human induced (Moss 1988;Wetzel 2001). Various studies have already addressed the problems related to aquatic system eutrophication which impairs its ability to supply both human needs and maintenance of aquatic life (Espíndola et al, 2000;Sampaio et al, 2002;Sotero-Santos et al, 2008;Garcia et al, 2010). Moreover, this phenomenon can cause major functional and compositional shifts in ecosystems (Scheffer et al, 2001;Schindler, 2006) and the increase in diseases in humans and wildlife (Johnson et al, 2010).…”