Spatial dynamic and spillover of the polyphagous pest Bemisia tabaci is influenced by differences in farmland habitats on tropical organic farms

Togni, Pedro Henrique Brum; Harterreiten-Souza, Érica Sevilha; Novaes, Danyelle R.; Sujii, Edison Ryoiti

doi:10.1016/j.agee.2021.107610

Cited by 6 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…These morphotypes play a role in shaping insect–plant interactions and habitat exploitation across multiple generations. The composition of the landscape can act as a bottom–up bottleneck for dispersing insect populations, depending on the presence of specific morphotypes (Dyck and Matthysen 1999, Togni et al 2021). Colonization is a crucial process for maintaining connected populations through dispersal (Hanski and Singer 2001), which can be facilitated by the presence of morphotypes that increase the likelihood of population establishment in distinct habitats.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To obtain the land cover of natural areas, we summed the proportions of forest and savannah formations in the landscape within each buffer. We merged these two land cover types and excluded the grassland formations from the category of natural areas because forests and savannah formations were assumed to physically obstruct the movement of whiteflies in the landscape while the grassland formations did not (Togni et al 2021). We characterized the landscape surrounding the farms into two concentric buffers with radii of 500 m (local scale) and 2000 m (landscape scale), with each farm as the central point.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We used the polyphagous whitefly pest Bemisia tabaci MEAM-1 (formerly known as biotype B) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) as our model species. This is a cosmopolitan species (Abdelkrim et al 2017), with high dispersal ability (Riis and Nachman, 2006) and benefits from landscape fragmentation and simplification (Togni et al 2021). During dispersal, B. tabaci population responds to landscape features (Togni et al 2021) and can fly long distances using agricultural corridors within the landscape (Abdelkrim et al 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is a cosmopolitan species (Abdelkrim et al 2017), with high dispersal ability (Riis and Nachman, 2006) and benefits from landscape fragmentation and simplification (Togni et al 2021). During dispersal, B. tabaci population responds to landscape features (Togni et al 2021) and can fly long distances using agricultural corridors within the landscape (Abdelkrim et al 2017). We hypothesize that 1) dispersing individuals should be attracted to younger plants due to their nutritional quality (Scheirs and de Bruyn 2002) and disperse prior to resource depletion; 2) the resource predictability of maturing plants should favor the occurrence of morphotypes that optimize resource exploitation over time rather than dispersal; 3) in agricultural landscapes, both morphotypes (i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spread your wings: insect–plant–landscape interactions mediate the wing shape of a multivoltine polyphagous insect

Machado,

Camargo,

de Souza

et al. 2023

Oikos

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Wing morphology may affect the foraging efficiency of polyphagous insects via effects on their flight ability. Variations in wing morphology may be triggered by host plant quality, while landscape composition can also play a role in filtering the ability of variants to colonize new habitats. We investigated how intraspecific variations in wing morphology in a polyphagous insect are mediated by the quality of local resources and the role of the landscape in filtering these variations. We used Bemisia tabaci MEAM‐1 (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) as a model since the existence of morphotypes that engage in long‐ and short‐distance flights has been proposed previously. We collected B. tabaci adults in the vegetative, flowering, and senescence stages of tomato plants on 15 farms embedded in distinct landscape types. We also performed a greenhouse experiment to evaluate whether resource quality influences B. tabaci wing shape. The wing shape of individuals was measured using geometric morphometry analyses. We found sexual dimorphism in wing shape, with males presenting more straight wings and females with more elongated wings. The dispersal morphotypes appear with more rounded wings at the vegetative (colonizing individuals) and senescence stages (dispersing individuals). When the resource is predictable (flowering stage), the wing shape becomes more adapted for short‐distance flights, possibly dictated by an intergenerational effect that facilitates habitat exploitation. The natural vegetation acted as an environmental filter in morphotype selection by impairing individuals' movement among habitat patches. We showed for the first time that insect–plant–landscape interactions mediate intraspecific variation in the wing morphology of B. tabaci. This polyphagous multivoltine pest insect presents a specialized morphological response to food resource quality, and the amount of natural vegetation may constrain its movement across the landscape. Our results indicate that local resources and landscape features produce interacting bottom–up effects that affect polyphagous insects' morphological variation within the habitat.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Spread your wings: insect–plant–landscape interactions mediate the wing shape of a multivoltine polyphagous insect

Machado,

Camargo,

de Souza

et al. 2023

Oikos

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Understanding gene flow patterns and dispersal routes of a pest can be used to design and implement management strategies, such as predicting new suitable establishment areas, and defining potential future infestation areas for incursion monitoring (Abdelkrim et al, 2017). Natural habitats in the landscape could function as barriers for dispersing pest insect populations, as they can physically impede movement and spillover (Togni et al, 2021), and impair the pests' ability to locate and colonize host plants (Mazzi & Dorn, 2012;Root, 1973). Natural habitats can also exert great top-down control by favoring NE at a landscape level (Karp et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural habitat connectivity and organic management modulate pest dispersal, gene flow, and natural enemy communities

Novaes,

Sujii,

Rodrigues

et al. 2023

Ecological Applications

Self Cite

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The simplification and fragmentation of agricultural landscapes generate effects on insects at multiple spatial scales. As each functional group perceives and uses the habitat differently, the response of pest insects and their associated natural enemies to environmental changes varies. Therefore, landscape structure may have consequences on gene flow among pest populations in space. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of local and landscape factors, at multiple scales, on the local infestation, gene flow and broad dispersion dynamics of the pest insect Bemisia tabaci (Genn.) Middle East‐Asia Minor 1 (MEAM‐1, former biotype B) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) and its associated natural enemies in a tropical agroecosystem. We evaluated the abundance of B. tabaci populations and their natural enemy community in 20 tomato farms in Brazil and the gene flow between farms from 2019 to 2021. Landscapes dominated by agriculture resulted in larger B. tabaci populations and higher gene flow, especially in conventional farms. A higher density of native vegetation patches disfavored pest populations, regardless of the management system. The results revealed that whitefly responds to intermediate spatial scales and that landscape factors interact with management systems to modulate whitefly populations on focal farms. Conversely, whitefly natural enemies benefited from higher amounts of natural vegetation at small spatial scales, while the connectivity between natural habitat patches was beneficial for natural enemies regardless of the distance from the focal farm. The resulting dispersion model predicts that the movement of whiteflies between farms increases as the amount of natural vegetation decreases. Our findings demonstrate that landscape features, notably landscape configuration, can mediate infestation episodes, as they affect pest insects and natural enemies in opposite ways. We also showed that landscape features interact with farm traits, which highlights the need for management strategies at multiple spatial scales. In conclusion, we demonstrated the importance of the conservation of natural areas as a key strategy for area‐wide ecological pest management and the relevance of organic farming to benefit natural enemy communities in tropical agroecosystems.

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Large-scale crops are sources of polyphagous pest populations for small farmers at the landscape level: an isotope tracing model

et al. 2023

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Spatial dynamic and spillover of the polyphagous pest Bemisia tabaci is influenced by differences in farmland habitats on tropical organic farms

Cited by 6 publications

References 47 publications

Spread your wings: insect–plant–landscape interactions mediate the wing shape of a multivoltine polyphagous insect

Spread your wings: insect–plant–landscape interactions mediate the wing shape of a multivoltine polyphagous insect

Natural habitat connectivity and organic management modulate pest dispersal, gene flow, and natural enemy communities

Large-scale crops are sources of polyphagous pest populations for small farmers at the landscape level: an isotope tracing model

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