Spatial Distribution Pattern and Characteristics of Medical Institution in Kunming's Main Urban District Based on GIS

Abstract

Taking the data of 3029 medical institution points in the main urban area of Kunming in 2022 as the basic data, including community clinics, general hospitals, and specialized hospitals, this study uses methods such as average nearest neighbor distance analysis, kernel density analysis, and spatial autocorrelation analysis to map the spatial distribution of medical institutions and explore their characteristics. The results show that: ① The medical points in the main urban area of Kunming exhibit strong spatial clustering characteristics. Among them, community clinic medical points have the strongest clustering, while the clustering of general hospital medical points is relatively poor. ② The spatial distribution of medical institutions in the main urban area of Kunming is not balanced. Medical institutions in the main urban area of Kunming are significantly clustered in the core area (within the first ring road) and dispersed in the outer area (outside the first ring road). ③ Different medical institutions in the main urban area of Kunming have different distributions. Specialized hospitals and general hospitals are mainly concentrated in the Cuihu area, while clinics have a high distribution density in areas such as Beichen, Baiyun, and Century City, in addition to the Cuihu area. Among the three types of medical institutions, clinics have the highest accessibility, while the accessibility of general hospitals is relatively low. This paper aims to conduct GIS spatial analysis of the existing medical institutions in the main urban area of Kunming, with the hope of providing important reference for the layout and planning of medical facilities.