Spatial distribution of fossil fuel derived CO2 over India using radiocarbon measurements in crop plants

Sharma, Rajveer; Kunchala, Ravi Kumar; Ojha, Sunil; Kumar, Pankaj; Gargari, S.; Chopra, Sundeep

doi:10.1016/j.jes.2021.11.003

“…Because plant 14 C reflects the CO 2 assimilated from the atmosphere during photosynthesis, differences in 14 C depletion between plant samples are driven by local differences in ambient 14 CO 2 composition and particularly the amount of fossil fuel influence. Studies around the world have mapped ffCO 2 patterns using a variety of plant species appropriate for their study area including tree rings in LA (e.g., Djuricin et al., 2012 ), evergreen tree leaves in Italy (Alessio et al., 2002 ), corn leaves in the United States (Hsueh et al., 2007 ) and Beijing, China (Xi et al., 2011 ), annual grasses in California (Riley et al., 2008 ; Wang & Pataki, 2010 ), ipê leaves in Rio de Janeiro (Santos et al., 2019 ), turfgrasses in New Zealand (Turnbull et al., 2022 ), and wheat crops in India (Sharma et al., 2023 ). Thus, cities can apply this technique to quantify ffCO 2 patterns by sampling a commonly found plant species that is photosynthetically active during the time integration period of interest.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reductions in California's Urban Fossil Fuel CO₂ Emissions During the COVID‐19 Pandemic

Hopkins

¹

,

Xu

²

,

Tavares

³

et al. 2022

AGU Advances

3

0

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Carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) emissions associated with fossil fuel consumption (ffCO 2 ) are the dominant cause of climate change (IPCC, 2022). Hence, there is an urgent need to quantify ffCO 2 emissions to support the success of climate change mitigation efforts. Urban areas account for 30%-84% of global ffCO 2 emissions (Seto et al., 2014), despite encompassing less than 1% of the Earth's land area (Zhou et al., 2015). While being disproportional contributors to climate change, cities are also at the forefront of climate change mitigation actions (Rosenzweig et al., 2010), making them a top priority for quantifying and monitoring ffCO 2 emission reduction efforts.Satellite-borne instruments can detect CO 2 enhancements (i.e., 6 ppm above background) over large cities (Kiel et al., 2021;Schwandner et al., 2017), and urban tower networks continuously measure CO 2 levels in a small selection of cities in more economically developed countries. However, these atmospheric observation systems

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“…Because plant 14 C reflects the CO 2 assimilated from the atmosphere during photosynthesis, differences in 14 C depletion between plant samples are driven by local differences in ambient 14 CO 2 composition and particularly the amount of fossil fuel influence. Studies around the world have mapped ffCO 2 patterns using a variety of plant species appropriate for their study area including tree rings in LA (e.g., Djuricin et al, 2012), evergreen tree leaves in Italy (Alessio et al, 2002), corn leaves in the United States (Hsueh et al, 2007) and Beijing, China (Xi et al, 2011), annual grasses in California (Riley et al, 2008;Wang & Pataki, 2010), ipê leaves in Rio de Janeiro (Santos et al, 2019), turfgrasses in New Zealand (Turnbull et al, 2022), and wheat crops in India (Sharma et al, 2023). Thus, cities can apply this technique to quantify ffCO 2 patterns by sampling a commonly found plant species that is photosynthetically active during the time integration period of interest.…”

Section: Radiocarbon Analysis Of Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reductions in California's urban fossil fuel CO2 emissions during the COVID-19 pandemic

Hopkins

¹

,

Xu

²

,

Tavares-Reager

³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) emissions associated with fossil fuel consumption (ffCO 2 ) are the dominant cause of climate change (IPCC, 2022). Hence, there is an urgent need to quantify ffCO 2 emissions to support the success of climate change mitigation efforts. Urban areas account for 30%-84% of global ffCO 2 emissions (Seto et al., 2014), despite encompassing less than 1% of the Earth's land area (Zhou et al., 2015). While being disproportional contributors to climate change, cities are also at the forefront of climate change mitigation actions (Rosenzweig et al., 2010), making them a top priority for quantifying and monitoring ffCO 2 emission reduction efforts.Satellite-borne instruments can detect CO 2 enhancements (i.e., 6 ppm above background) over large cities (Kiel et al., 2021;Schwandner et al., 2017), and urban tower networks continuously measure CO 2 levels in a small selection of cities in more economically developed countries. However, these atmospheric observation systems

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“…2021). A recent study of fossil fuel CO 2 estimation based on radiocarbon measurements in crop plants across India has also been reported (Sharma et al 2023). However, to the best of our knowledge, no 14 C-based CO 2ff measurements have been reported from any Indian city.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF FOSSIL FUEL CO₂ IN MEGACITY DELHI DETERMINED USING RADIOCARBON MEASUREMENTS IN PEEPAL (FICUS RELIGIOSA) TREE LEAVES

Sharma,

Kunchala,

Ojha

et al. 2023

Radiocarbon

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The quantification of fossil-fuel derived carbon dioxide (CO2ff) emissions is critical for regional carbon budgets. Radiocarbon (14C) is an effective tool to estimate the contribution of CO2ff to the total atmospheric CO2. In the present study, we have determined the spatial distribution of fossil fuel derived CO2 across Delhi using 14C measurements in Peepal tree leaves from April 2016 to March 2017 at city scale. Our analysis results show that the Δ14C values vary between –67.78‰ to 5.61‰ and corresponding CO2ff values are varying from 1.63 ppm to 33.34 ppm. CO2ff values from campus sites vary between 6.99 ppm to 16.38 ppm with an average value of 10.22 ± 3.20 ppm, while CO2ff values vary from 2.41 ppm to 33.34 ppm with an average value of 13.32 ± 9.40 ppm for sites located in the parks. Further, we observed the higher contributions of fossil fuels in the CO2 from northwest Delhi, central Delhi, and some parts of east and southwest Delhi. In the absence of real-time CO2 monitoring, the results of this study provide a potential method for analyzing the contribution of CO2ff values over the urban landscape to total CO2 over the study region.

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Spatial distribution of fossil fuel derived CO2 over India using radiocarbon measurements in crop plants

Cited by 11 publications

References 45 publications

Reductions in California's Urban Fossil Fuel CO₂ Emissions During the COVID‐19 Pandemic

Reductions in California's Urban Fossil Fuel CO₂ Emissions During the COVID‐19 Pandemic

Reductions in California's urban fossil fuel CO2 emissions during the COVID-19 pandemic

SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF FOSSIL FUEL CO₂ IN MEGACITY DELHI DETERMINED USING RADIOCARBON MEASUREMENTS IN PEEPAL (FICUS RELIGIOSA) TREE LEAVES

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Spatial distribution of fossil fuel derived CO2 over India using radiocarbon measurements in crop plants

Cited by 11 publications

References 45 publications

Reductions in California's Urban Fossil Fuel CO2 Emissions During the COVID‐19 Pandemic

Reductions in California's Urban Fossil Fuel CO2 Emissions During the COVID‐19 Pandemic

Reductions in California's urban fossil fuel CO2 emissions during the COVID-19 pandemic

SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF FOSSIL FUEL CO2 IN MEGACITY DELHI DETERMINED USING RADIOCARBON MEASUREMENTS IN PEEPAL (FICUS RELIGIOSA) TREE LEAVES

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Reductions in California's Urban Fossil Fuel CO₂ Emissions During the COVID‐19 Pandemic

Reductions in California's Urban Fossil Fuel CO₂ Emissions During the COVID‐19 Pandemic

SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF FOSSIL FUEL CO₂ IN MEGACITY DELHI DETERMINED USING RADIOCARBON MEASUREMENTS IN PEEPAL (FICUS RELIGIOSA) TREE LEAVES