Spatial Distribution of Brown Marmorated Stink Bug (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) Injury at Harvest in Mid-Atlantic Apple Orchards

Abstract

Brown marmorated stink bug, Halyomorpha halys (Stål), injury to late-season apple cultivars was measured at harvest in 2011 and 2012 in commercial orchards in four mid-Atlantic states. In each orchard block, a border zone (adjacent to woods), an interior zone (near orchard center), and an intermediate zone (between border and interior zones) comprised 1-3 tree rows per zone, depending on block size. Just before commercial harvest, 10 fruit were sampled from the upper, middle, and lower third of the canopy from five trees in each zone. After 3-5 wk in cold storage, fruit were examined for external and internal injury, and severity of internal injury (number of injury sites per fruit) from H. halys. A zero-inflated negative binomial model accounted for significant variation among the orchards and showed that apples from the upper canopy of border zone trees had the highest probability of experiencing external and internal injury. A minor interaction was detected among the orchards and zones for injury prevalence and severity, but there was no evidence of an orchard showing less expected injury in the border zone compared with other zones. Adjusting for orchard-to-orchard variation, differences in injury distributions among the zones and canopies were primarily due to injury prevalence rather than expected injury severity. The implications of these results to scouting and managing H. halys in eastern apple orchards are discussed.

Lethal and sublethal effects of long‐lasting insecticide‐treated nets on the invasive bug Halyomorpha halys

“…Based on our results, it can be speculated that the use of better attractive sources (or even a combination of more sources) together with more effective insecticides (e.g., bifenthrin or deltamethrin among pyrethroids or others) could significantly reduce the minimum exposure time required for killing the highest percentage of adult pests which came into contact with the LLIN. Moreover, as BMSB is reported to be a perimeter‐driven pest, attract‐and‐kill stations could be located on the perimeter in order to avoid unnecessary spraying of chemicals in the field (Joseph et al., ; Morrison et al., ). It is worth noting that insecticide efficacy on BSMB is influenced by either insect generation or the season in which chemicals are applied (Leskey et al., ).…”

The consequences of sublethal exposure to insecticide on the survivorship and mobility ofHalyomorpha halys(Hemiptera: Pentatomidae)

“…1.5–4.5 h or longer) to targeted materials under restricted conditions. While useful at establishing baseline mortality levels, this approach does not take into account the ability of H. halys to leave areas treated with insecticides, especially considering its strong dispersal capacity during the adult and nymphal life stages, nor the fact that this insect often invades from untreated, border habitats . The ability to move to and from protected crops can result in failure to take up a lethal dose of insecticide.…”

IPM‐CPR for peaches: incorporating behaviorally‐based methods to manage Halyomorpha halys and key pests in peach

“…Peaches are an ideal host of H. halys , supporting populations of stink bugs from mid‐late May as they emerge from overwintering through harvest of the fruit . H. halys has 1–2 generations annually in the mid‐Atlantic region of the United States and frequently disperses throughout the season between the surrounding environment and peach orchards, causing repeated surges in H. halys abundance within orchards, particularly along crop perimeters . Peaches are also one of the few hosts on which H. halys can solely complete development (Acebes A, private communication).…”