Spatial distribution, ecological risk evaluation and potential sources of organochlorine pesticides from soils in India

Kata, Manohar; Rao, Sadasiva M.; Mohan, K. Rama

doi:10.1007/s12665-014-3189-6

Cited by 19 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Heptachlor epoxide can potentially enter the human food chain as it accumulates in tissues. A heptachlor/heptachlor epoxide ratio of > 1 indicates the recent use of heptachlor (Kata et al, 2015 ).…”

Section: Pesticides Classificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pesticides bind to organic matter through sorption with van der Waals’ force, electrostatic interaction, hydrogen bonds, covalent bonds, hydrophobic bonds, ligand exchange, and ion exchange or a combination of these processes (Bollag & Myers, 1992 ; Gevao et al, 2000 ). High OM content may facilitate the microbial breakdown of pesticides by providing an additional carbon source (Castro & Yoshida, 1974 ; Kata et al, 2015 ; Parween et al, 2014 ; Wu et al, 1997 ). At the same time, strong bonding between SOM and pesticides may prohibit microbial degradation (Zhang et al, 2006 ; Škrbić & \DJurišić-Mladenović, 2007).…”

Section: Fate and Transport Of Pesticidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…HCHs and DDTs constituted ~ 86% of the total OCPs detected in sediments of the Yamuna river (Parween et al, 2014 ). Fine texture, anoxic properties, and the presence of organic matter lead to the enrichment of trace organic compounds in soil and sediments (Bhattacharya et al, 2003 ; Kata et al, 2015 ; Sarkar et al, 2008 ). High pesticide residues in soil and sediments were detected in the monsoon and post-monsoon season (Barlas, 1999 ; Malik et al, 2009 ; Parween et al, 2014 ; Rajendran & Subramanian, 1999 ; Ramesh et al, 1991 ; Singh et al, 2005b ).…”

Section: Pesticides In the Hydrogeo-environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Unlike other HCH isomers, β-HCH is more resilient to evaporation and rapidly binds with soil organic matter (Devi et al, 2013 ). In some regions of India, concentrations of α-HCH (Agnihotri et al, 1996 ; Bhupander et al, 2011 ; Guzzella et al, 2005 ; Kumar et al, 2011 ; Malik et al, 2009 ; Rajendran & Subramanian, 1999 ; Singh et al, 2005b ), γ-HCH (Bhadouria et al, 2012 ; Devi et al, 2015 ; Kumar et al, 2021 ; Kumari et al, 2007 ; Mitra et al, 2019 ; Sarkar et al, 2008 ), and δ-HCH (Joseph et al, 2020 ; Kata et al, 2015 ; Malik et al, 2009 ; Singh et al, 2007 ) were dominated over other HCH isomers. Isomerisation, photochemical or biological conversion of γ-HCH to α-HCH could be the potential cause for elevated levels of α-HCH (Benezet & Matsumura, 1973 ; Devi et al, 2013 ; Malaiyandi & Shah, 1984 ).…”

Section: Pesticides In the Hydrogeo-environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A high α/γ-HCH ratio was found in many regions, suggesting the regular use of technical grade HCH or mixed-use of technical grade HCH and lindane (Bhupander et al, 2011 ; Kumar et al, 2011 ; Mishra et al, 2012 , 2013 ; Rajendran & Subramanian, 1999 ;). However, a low to moderate α/γ-HCH ratio was also observed, suggesting that the soil residue levels are from the past to continuous use of lindane (Devi et al, 2013 , 2015 ; Guzzella et al, 2005 ; Kata et al, 2015 ; Kumar et al, 2021 ; Malik et al, 2009 ; Mishra et al, 2012 ; Mitra et al, 2019 ; Sarkar et al, 2008 ; Singh et al, 2007 ). An β/(α + γ)-HCH ratio of > 1 was observed in 65% of samples from different cities in India, indicating historical sources associated with technical grade HCH usage (Chakraborty et al, 2015 ).…”

Section: Pesticides In the Hydrogeo-environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pesticides in the hydrogeo-environment: a review of contaminant prevalence, source and mobilisation in India

Rajan

Parween²,

Raju

2023

Environ Geochem Health

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Chemical pesticides in the hydrogeological system are a global concern as they pose a severe threat to humans and other organisms. In agriculture, around 4.12 million tonnes of pesticides were used globally in 2018, which is 50% more than in the 1990s. Various pesticides detected in the hydrogeological system of India since the 1990s have been documented and reviewed to understand the prevalence, source, history and degradation pathways. This review contributes to a better understanding of existing pesticide pollution and the state of hydrogeological resource deterioration. Small to excess levels of pesticide residues were detected in groundwater, surface water, soil, and sediments. Pesticides that were most commonly and predominantly found in the hydrogeological system were HCHs, DDTs, endosulfan, heptachlor, drins (aldrin, dieldrin, endrin), chlordane etc. β and γ-HCH isomers among HCHs, whereas p,p ′-DDT and p,p ′ - DDE among the DDTs were detected most prevalently. In many regions, pesticide residue levels in water have exceeded the maximum residue limits of WHO and BIS, while those in soils and sediments have exceeded the threshold effect level and probable effect level. Higher pesticide residues were detected in the water resources of rural agricultural areas compared to peri-urban or urban areas. A positive correlation of pesticide residues between water resources and soil has been observed in some regions, suggesting a similar contamination source. Diagnostic ratios of pesticides reveal their source, history and degradation pathways. Diagnostic ratios observed in various studies conducted in India suggest historical as well as recent use of banned pesticides. Strengthening current policies and regulations, monitoring pesticide use, changes in pesticide application practices, awareness among farmers, and the use of prominent removal techniques are necessary to tackle pesticide contamination in India.

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Section: Pesticides Classificationmentioning

confidence: 99%