Spatial Distribution and Main Characteristics of Alpine Permafrost from Southern Carpathians, Romania

Popescu, Răzvan; Onaca, Alexandru; Urdea, Petru; Vespremeanu‐Stroe, Alfred

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-32589-7_6

Cited by 8 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…For a comparison of the presented rock glacier inventory with inventories of other mountainous regions (e.g. of parts of Central Europe by Bollmann et al, 2012;Colucci et al, 2016;Onaca et al, 2017;Palma et al, 2017;Uxa and Mida, 2017;Fernandes et al, 2018;Popescu et al, 2017), a standardized inventory procedure as presented here is essential. The International Permafrost Association (IPA) is working on such a standard.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The first consistent inventory of rock glaciers and their hydrological catchments of the Austrian Alps

Wagner

Pleschberger

Kainz

et al. 2020

Austrian Journal of Earth Sciences

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A first consistent and homogenized polygon-based inventory of rock glaciers of the Austrian Alps is presented. Compiling previous inventories and updating them by using digital elevation models (1 m grid resolution) derived from airborne laser scanning yield a dataset of 5769 rock glaciers in a ca. 48400 km2 large area. A consistent methodological approach for assigning attributes, stored in a detailed attribute table, was developed and applied here to improve comparability and reproducibility. The majority (60 %) of the studied landforms is considered to be relict (no permafrost); the remaining 40 % may still contain permafrost ice and are thus classified as intact. Rock glaciers range in elevation from 476 to 3312 m a.s.l. and cover a total area of 303 km2. The distribution of rock glaciers is mainly related to the topography of the Austrian Alps and related effects such as past glaciation history.In addition, a comprehensive analysis of the hydrological catchment areas of all individual rock glaciers was carried out. A hydrological catchment analysis in rock glacier areas is of great interest for sustainable water management issues in alpine catchments as these landforms represent shallow aquifer systems with a relatively high storage and thus buffer capability, especially in crystalline bedrock areas. A total area of almost 1280 km2 is drained through rock glaciers.The presented rock glacier and rock glacier catchment inventories provide an important basis for further research, particularly for a better understanding of the hydrogeology and geomorphology of alpine catchments and their potential alteration in the light of climate change, but also in terms of paleoglaciation and deglaciation in the Alpine Lateglacial to Holocene period. As such, the inventories are seen as an important base to stimulate further research.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The first consistent inventory of rock glaciers and their hydrological catchments of the Austrian Alps

Wagner

Pleschberger

Kainz

et al. 2020

Austrian Journal of Earth Sciences

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“…The vertical displacement of five isotherms was examined in order to approximate the climatic suitability for alpine permafrost conditions and some cold environment processes(−2°C, 0°C, +2°C and + 3°C), or the position of the climatic upper limit of forest vegetation (July 10°C) (Höllermann, 1985; Tuhkanen, 1993; Barsch, 1996; Körner, 1998; Popescu et al ., 2016). The trends in the height of selected isotherms have been illustrated using simple linear regression and their significance has been tested on an annual and monthly basis, using the MK and KT procedures, at 5% significance level (two‐tailed).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperature changes and elevation‐warming relationships in the Carpathian Mountains

Micu

Dumitrescu

Cheval

et al. 2020

Intl Journal of Climatology

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This paper investigates the elevation‐warming relationships across the Carpathian Mountains, using the 0.1° × 0.1° gridded daily air temperature dataset developed within the CARPATCLIM project, in order to understand the spatial patterns of annual and seasonal temperature trends and test the hypothesis of enhanced warming with elevation. Temperature trend and elevation‐warming analyses were conducted over the 50 years of the dataset (1961–2010). The vertical variations of five key isotherms relevant for the development of cold‐climate weathering, presence of permafrost (−2°C, 0°C, +2°C, +3°C) and spread of forest vegetation (July +10°C) were also examined. The Carpathian Mountains are under visible annual and seasonal warming (stronger in the summer and winter), both daytime and nighttime. The warming process shows a great spatial inhomogeneity, but is more pronounced in the lowlands of the region, generally below 1,000–1,200 m. The correlations between elevation and warming rates across the Carpathians have been found both to be positive and negative, while mostly significant at the 5% level. Evidence of enhanced warming with elevation was found to be related to the minimum temperature increase mostly across the NW and SW Carpathians, at both annual and seasonal scales (winter, summer and spring). Less prominent EDW signals have been identified in the NE, E and S Carpathians (summer), as well as in the NE Carpathians (spring). Parts of the detected temperature trends and EDW signals have been considered to be an effect of the changing atmospheric circulation (i.e. westerly intensification especially in the winter), although other mechanisms and processes could be involved (e.g. snow‐albedo feedbacks in the spring). These results could serve as a reference for further investigations of climate warming effects across the Carpathian Mountains region (e.g. ecological and geomorphic), especially in relation to the augmented summer heat stress (e.g. more frequent heatwaves) and milder winters (e.g. less freezing days).

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“…1B), the latter being significantly impacted by mountain glaciations and permafrost developments multiple times during the Quaternary (Popescu et al . 2017).…”

Section: Geographical and Geological Outline Of The Maros Fluvial Fanmentioning

confidence: 99%

Obliquity‐driven mountain permafrost‐related fluvial magnetic susceptibility cycles in the Quaternary mid‐latitude long‐term (2.5 Ma) fluvial Maros Fan in the Pannonian Basin

Püspöki,

Gibbard,

Kiss

et al. 2023

Boreas

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Magnetic susceptibility (MS) of the Quaternary long‐term mid‐latitude Maros fluvial fan (Pannonian Basin) was recorded to understand the stratigraphical features of source‐proximal fluvial depositional settings. Three fully cored 500‐m‐deep boreholes were sampled at 0.5‐m intervals; low‐field and frequency dependent MS were measured, and complementary hysteresis and SEM‐EDAX investigations were performed on selected samples. Logged susceptibility data were also used to log correlations established by a simultaneous comparison of wireline log and laboratory measurements. Time‐series analyses of the susceptibility records reveal a ~41‐ka and ~100‐ka cyclicity. Towards the source‐distal sections the intensity of the ~41‐ka cycles decreases, while that of the ~100‐ka cycles remains strong. Stratigraphical and spectral similarities were observed between the Maros fluvial fan and Chinese loess records; however, based on complementary magnetic data, the magnetic phase of the Maros Fan sections is related to the detrital magnetite that originates from the catchment during early postglacial permafrost degradations. The amplification of the ~41‐ka cycles can be attributed to the very high susceptibility values in source‐proximal settings and to the special stratigraphical feature of the distributive fluvial systems. This comprises the increased avulsion frequency on the fluvial fans in ‘glacial recession periods’, in concert with the ‘early postglacial’ occurrence of the permafrost‐related magnetite originating from the catchment. As a local phenomenon, this is significant since it records the obliquity‐driven variations in permafrost development in a catchment. However, fluvial and alluvial fans are widespread depositional landforms within the Eurasian mountain range and were possibly the same during the Quaternary deglaciations. Thus, obliquity‐driven magnetic susceptibility variations in source‐proximal fan deposits attached or adjacent to regions of loess deposition should also be considered when scanning for potential source material of aeolian deposits.

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Spatial Distribution and Main Characteristics of Alpine Permafrost from Southern Carpathians, Romania

Cited by 8 publications

References 64 publications

The first consistent inventory of rock glaciers and their hydrological catchments of the Austrian Alps

The first consistent inventory of rock glaciers and their hydrological catchments of the Austrian Alps

Temperature changes and elevation‐warming relationships in the Carpathian Mountains

Obliquity‐driven mountain permafrost‐related fluvial magnetic susceptibility cycles in the Quaternary mid‐latitude long‐term (2.5 Ma) fluvial Maros Fan in the Pannonian Basin

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