Spatial Differentiation of Variegated Capitalisms: A Comparative Analysis of Russian and Australian Oil and Gas Corporate City Networks

Loginova, Julia; Sigler, Thomas; Martinus, Kirsten; Tonts, Matthew

doi:10.1080/00130095.2020.1833713

Cited by 18 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 108 publications

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“…The first is a comparative approach to understanding multiple networks, based on a common economic dimension. This may entail comparing city networks constructed from multiple industry sectors [ 39 ], or a single industry sector [ 21 ] across time or space [ 47 ]. Such an approach can often be quite descriptive [ 20 ], using network terminology more as an heuristic than in a formal manner.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Socio-spatial relations observed in the global city network of firms

2021

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One of the prevailing approaches to the study of the global economy is the analysis of global city networks based on the activities of multinational firms. Research in this vein generally conceptualises cities as nodes, and the intra-firm relations between them as ties, forming the building blocks for globally scaled interurban networks. While such an approach has provided a valuable heuristic for understanding how cities are globally connected, and how the global economy can be conceived of as a network of cities, there is a lack of understanding as to how and why cities are connected, and which factors contribute to the existence of ties between cities. Here, we explain how five distinct socio-spatial dimensions contribute to global city network structure through their diverse effects on interurban dyads. Based on data from 13,583 multinational firms with 163,821 international subsidiary locations drawn from 208 global securities exchanges, we hypothesise how regional, linguistic, industrial, developmental, and command & control relations may contribute to network structure. We then test these by applying an exponential random graph model (ERGM) to explain how each dimension may contribute to cities’ embeddedness within the overall network. Though all are shown to shape interurban relations to some extent, we find that two cities sharing a common industrial base are more likely to be connected. The ERGM also reveals a strong core-periphery structure in that cities in middle- and low-income countries are more reliant on connectivity than those in high-income countries. Our findings indicate that, despite claims seeking to de-emphasise the top-heavy organisational structure of the global urban economic network, interurban relations are characterised by uneven global development in which socio-spatial embeddedness manifests through a combination of similarity (homophily) and difference (heterophily) as determined by heterogeneous power relationships underlying global systems of production, exchange and consumption.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Socio-spatial relations observed in the global city network of firms

2021

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“…Energy firms are mostly large MNCs or SOEs. They tend to locate in the centers of political power (national capitals, as in the case with Moscow and Beijing) (Toly et al 2012;Breul 2019) and are likely to result in highly centralized national networks, as was shown in the recent study of Russia's oil and gas networks by Loginova et al (2020). SOEs in resource-rich countries like Russia have large capacities in terms of technology and experience to engage in projects internationally and attract MNCs to develop national reserves.…”

Section: Global Connectivitymentioning

confidence: 96%

“…More inclusive and nuanced approaches have contributed to the understanding of "multiple" globalizations and "alternative" world city networks, among which the oil and gas sector received growing attention as a fundamental economic sector driving globalization (Wall and van der Knaap 2011;Toly et al 2012;Kraetke 2014;Loginova et al 2020). Toly et al (2012) identified 25 "global energy cities" with direct proximity to energy sources and hosting offices (at least six) of global energy firms.…”

Section: Corporate City Network In the Energy And Mining Sectors: Gateway Citiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moscow and Beijing were the two NEA cities included in the list, along with Houston, Rio de Janeiro, Calgary, Aberdeen, and others. Recent studies explored differentiated city network structures articulated by the oil and gas firms and established that positionalities of cities are related to their regional, national, and global economies Loginova et al 2020).…”

Section: Corporate City Network In the Energy And Mining Sectors: Gateway Citiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This approach builds on world city networks research (Alderson and Beckfield 2004) and its specific applications to multiple globalizations and alternative relational geographies (Robinson 2002). Previous studies identified that the spatialities produced by energy corporations are different from urban networks based on advanced producer services (APS) (finance, insurance, real estate, banking, accountancy, and marketing) commonly used in urban and economic geography studies (Toly et al 2012;Breul 2019;Loginova et al 2020), and further research should seek to unpack network spatialities across different resources sectors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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City networks binding resource peripheries to economic and political cores: a Northeast Asian perspective

Loginova

2021

Asian Geographer

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Under conditions of contemporary globalization and regionalization, economic connectivity is an increasingly important feature of Northeast Asia (NEA). Geographies of these connections and the role of NEA cities in the global and regional economies are increasingly variegated. This paper explores resource industries as landscapes of NEA integration in regional and global economies by focusing on the city networks of energy and mining firms. Using social network analysis (SNA) of the corporate headquarters-subsidiary relations, this paper provides a comparative study of spatialities of the NEA energy and mining city networks at different geographical scales. By distinguishing global, regional, and national scales of urban connectivity, the analysis identifies NEA cities that are strategic in linking resource extraction regions with centers of economic and political power. Based on the multiscale connectivity and SNA metrics, we draw a typology of gateway functions and discuss the positionalities of cities in NEA resources networks. By advancing the empirical understanding of NEA regional and global integration through strategic cities, this study establishes a case for the reframing of NEA as a region that is neither nationally-scaled nor geographically contiguous.

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Globalization and decarbonization: Changing strategies of global oil and gas companies

Guo

Yang

Bradshaw

et al. 2023

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Oil and gas (O&G) companies, as key players in the contemporary global energy landscape, have evolved within the context of a dynamic interaction between states and markets. However, their role is being transformed radically by two successive “global shifts”: economic globalization—driving energy demand growth patterns—and climate change—driving energy system transformation and decarbonization, both of which require them to reconsider their business strategies. Using an interdisciplinary lens that draws on human geography, strategy and international business, and international political economy, we propose an integrated conceptual framework for two periods—the 1990s–early 2010s and the post‐Paris Agreement era—to explore the nature of strategic responses by O&G companies to these global economic and environmental shifts. We illustrate the linkage of O&G companies' two strategies of (re‐)globalization and decarbonization by the aspects of production, finance, and knowledge as internal structures. Energy security is one of the priorities in the macro external environment. It is becoming increasingly difficult for O&G companies to deal with current dilemmas: climate goals require a significant reduction in fossil fuel production and consumption, and pressures from governments, nongovernmental organizations, and investors threaten the long‐term survival of O&G companies, while fossil fuel demand will remain high in the short to medium term. At the same time, the post‐pandemic recovery and Russia's war in Ukraine are resulting in a re‐assessment of the benefits of unfettered globalization. Therefore, global O&G companies face dual challenges in the new era of (re‐)globalization and decarbonization and need to make changes to ensure their future viability.This article is categorized under: The Carbon Economy and Climate Mitigation > Decarbonizing Energy and/or Reducing Demand

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Spatial Differentiation of Variegated Capitalisms: A Comparative Analysis of Russian and Australian Oil and Gas Corporate City Networks

Cited by 18 publications

References 108 publications

Socio-spatial relations observed in the global city network of firms

Socio-spatial relations observed in the global city network of firms

City networks binding resource peripheries to economic and political cores: a Northeast Asian perspective

Globalization and decarbonization: Changing strategies of global oil and gas companies

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