Spatial densities of momentum and forces in spin-one hadrons

Freese, Adam; Cosyn, Wim

doi:10.1103/physrevd.106.114013

Cited by 12 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…Ultimately, this allows physical densities at fixed τ to be separated into state-independent internal structures and state-dependent smearing functions in the manner explored in Ref. [15].…”

Section: Tilted Coordinates and Light Front Synchronizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We closely follow the methodology of Ref. [15]: the physical density is identified as the expectation value of the electromagnetic current operator ĵµ (x) within a physical state, which is decomposed into a sum of wave-packet-independent internal densities convolved with packet-dependent smearing functions.…”

Section: Derivation Of Electromagnetic Densitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As observed in Refs. [13,15], the integral over P can be performed, producing a delta function that sets R = R, if the substitutions…”

Section: A General Formula For the Physical Electromagnetic Currentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While most authors continue to use Breit frame densities uncritically, a variety of criticisms and defenses of the Breit frame densities and alternative formalisms have been proposed (see Refs. [2,[9][10][11][12][13][14][15] for a variety of perspectives).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The light front formalism has stood out in these debates as providing relativistically exact two-dimensional densities [16,17] that can be obtained from elementary field-theoretic definitions [3,10] in a wave-packet-independent way [15]. Additionally, the light front densities are related to generalized parton distributions [11,16,18], which simultaneously encode electromagnetic and gravitational form factors through their polynomiality property [19,20], and which extend light front densities to threedimensional distributions over the transverse plane and the light front momentum fraction x.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Light front synchronization and rest frame densities of the proton: I. Electromagnetic densities

Freese¹,

Miller²

2023

Preprint

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We clarify the physical origin and meaning of the two-dimensional relativistic densities of the light front formalism. The densities are shown to originate entirely from the use of light front time instead of instant form time, which physically corresponds to using an alternative synchronization convention. This is shown by using tilted light front coordinates, which consist of light front time and ordinary spatial coordinates, and which are also used to show that the obtained densities describe a system at rest rather than at infinite momentum. These coordinates allow all four components of the electromagnetic current density to be given clear physical meanings. We explicate the formalism for spin-half targets, obtaining charge and current densities of the proton and neutron using empirical form factor parametrizations, as well as up and down quark densities and currents. Angular modulations in the densities of transversely-polarized states are explained as originating from redshifts and blueshifts due to quarks moving in different longitudinal directions.

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Section: Tilted Coordinates and Light Front Synchronizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Derivation Of Electromagnetic Densitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As observed in Refs. [13,15], the integral over P can be performed, producing a delta function that sets R = R, if the substitutions…”

Section: A General Formula For the Physical Electromagnetic Currentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Light front synchronization and rest frame densities of the proton: I. Electromagnetic densities

Freese¹,

Miller²

2023

Preprint

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Gravitational transition form factors of N → ∆ via QCD light-cone sum rules

Özdem

Azizi

2023

J. High Energ. Phys.

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We present the first direct calculation on the gravitational form factors (GFFs) of the N → ∆ transition using an analytic method, the QCD light-cone sum rules. The matrix element of the quark part of the energy momentum tensor current sandwiched between the nucleon and ∆ states are parameterized in terms of five independent conserved and four independent non-conserved GFFs, for calculation of which we use the distribution amplitudes (DAs) of the on-shell nucleon expanded in terms of functions with different twists. We present the results for two sets of light-cone input parameters. The results indicate that the behavior of the form factors with respect to Q2 are described by multipole fit functions. Our results may be checked by other phenomenological models including the Lattice QCD as well as future related experiments.

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