Spatial Configuration of Japanese Elementary Schools: Analyses by the Space Syntax and Evaluation by School Teachers

Kishimoto, Tadamitsu; Taguchi, Mayuko

doi:10.3130/jaabe.13.373

Cited by 11 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 16 publications

(21 reference statements)

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“…It presents a grid over the spaces to be analyzed and investigates the visibility relationships of every point in the grid to every other point. The theory of isovist and space syntax (Hillier and Hanson, 1984) -a theory often used in previous studies (Choi et al, 2013, Kishimoto andTaguchi, 2014) to validate the relationships among spaces -was combined with VGA, and one important result of the combination was 'connectivity.' Connectivity in VGA is "how many locations each node can see" ( (Turner, 2001), page 10); it is the number of grids that are visible from a point, and it is related to the primary isovist concept.…”

Section: Visibility In Spacesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Duality of Visibility: Does Visibility Increase or Decrease the Fear of Crime in Schools′ Exterior Environments?

Lee

2015

Journal of Asian Architecture and Building Engineering

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Visibility is an important factor that affects fear of crime in environments. This study suggests empirical evidence of the relationship between visibility and fear of crime in environments using an automated quantitative analysis method. Spots where children felt fear in exterior areas of elementary schools were aggregated, and their characteristics were analyzed with two visibility dimensions of visual connectivity with no visible distance restrictions and with visible distances restricted. In general, locations with lower levels of visibility reported higher levels of fear of crime. However, where there was very high visibility, fear of crime also increased. In other words, visibility has a dual nature, both increasing and decreasing fear of crime in environments. In addition, the visible distance was a significant element that affects fear of crime. With the assistance of methods and results of this study, designers can plan safer environments and improve existing environments by considering visibility in a systematic and significant manner.

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Section: Visibility In Spacesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Duality of Visibility: Does Visibility Increase or Decrease the Fear of Crime in Schools′ Exterior Environments?

Lee

2015

Journal of Asian Architecture and Building Engineering

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“…The results show that there is an indirect relationship between the step depth of the spaces of the classrooms and the tendency of students (especially of lower grades) to spend their break times in those spaces. In another study, Kishimoto and Taguchi [45] studied 76 primary schools in Japan and found that spatial layouts with a higher rate of intelligibility generate more contact and interaction between students of different grades. Pasalar [46,47] found that the spatial configuration of school buildings affects patterns of interaction and movement.…”

Section: Research Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparative Study of the Configuration and Functions of Outdoor and Semi-Outdoor Space in Schools from the Traditional to the Contemporary Period Based on Evaluating the Role of the Governing Educational System

Tafti

Arjanan

2021

Sustainability

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The present study, based on a case study, aims at addressing the functional and morphological evolutions in outdoor and semi-outdoor spaces in Yazd schools over time, through educational developments. The approach followed in this study is to connect the changes in the spatial structure of outdoor space in schools to the evolutions in the educational system. To this end, this paper develops five hypotheses and employs qualitative and computational research methods to evaluate the functions and spatial configuration of the outdoor spaces of six schools, constructed between the 18th and 20th CE centuries, in Yazd. A mathematical method drawn by “space syntax” is adopted to measure the spatial features of the outdoor spaces of schools, and a field study is used to identify the relationship between the functional process of these configurations and their governing educational principle. The results show that the configuration of the traditional schools, built between the late 18th and 19th centuries, in Yazd was formed based on the active educational role of outdoor and semi-outdoor spaces, followed by the governing educational policies. Moreover, the outdoor and semi-outdoor spaces are not only the main spaces where social activities are held in schools, but also are complementary elements to the indoor educational spaces. Meanwhile, in modern schools, constructed in the early 20th century, and contemporary schools, constructed in the late 20th century, the spatial configuration of schools has changed and the importance of outdoor and semi-outdoor spaces in these schools has significantly devaluated due partially to the evolution of the modern educational system compared to traditional schools. By identifying the features of three different school building typologies, as well as their outdoor space functions, this paper provides useful knowledge for future school designing and planning in Yazd.

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“…First, the interior areas of elementary schools need to be investigated. Previous studies (Kishimoto and Taguchi, 2014) have emphasized the influence of schools' indoor environments on the welfare of students. In addition, despite the significant amount of time students spend in these areas, few environmental criminology studies have focused on these environments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Visibility on Fear of Crime in Schools′ Interior Environments

Lee

2016

Journal of Asian Architecture and Building Engineering

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In any given environment, visibility is a critical element that affects fear of crime. This study provides empirical evidence of the effects of visibility on fear of crime within elementary schools using a quantitative analysis. Spots in which children felt fear were identified, and their characteristics were analyzed according to the four visibility dimensions of: visual connectivity and visual integration, each with and without visible distance restrictions. One finding was that fear of crime was high in the areas where visibility was either extremely low or extremely high, resulting in a relationship that can be expressed as a U-shaped graph. In addition, fear of crime was associated with visibility in relation to human behaviors as well as built environments. Finally, the visibility distance was also found to be an important element affecting fear of crime.

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Spatial Configuration of Japanese Elementary Schools: Analyses by the Space Syntax and Evaluation by School Teachers

Cited by 11 publications

References 16 publications

The Duality of Visibility: Does Visibility Increase or Decrease the Fear of Crime in Schools′ Exterior Environments?

The Duality of Visibility: Does Visibility Increase or Decrease the Fear of Crime in Schools′ Exterior Environments?

A Comparative Study of the Configuration and Functions of Outdoor and Semi-Outdoor Space in Schools from the Traditional to the Contemporary Period Based on Evaluating the Role of the Governing Educational System

The Effects of Visibility on Fear of Crime in Schools′ Interior Environments

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