Spatial and temporal variations of air quality and six air pollutants in China during 2015–2017

Guo, Hong; Gu, Xingfa; Ma, Guanghui; Shi, Shuaiyi; Wang, Wannan; Zuo, Xin; Zhang, Xiaochuan

doi:10.1038/s41598-019-50655-6

Cited by 67 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 30 publications

(38 reference statements)

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“…208.233:20035/). Other studies have used similar data (for example, Silver et al 2018 [17], Guo et al 2019 [18], Fan et al 2020 [19], Rohde and Muller 2015 [20], Liang et al 2016 [21], Leung et al 2018 [22]).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Jiang et al estimated that the "Action Plan" would decrease the PM 2.5 by 26%, SO 2 by 34%, and NO 2 by 28% in the Pearl River Delta [4]. [18].…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Compared with 2015, the annual mean of 354 cities decreased in 2019 (Tables 2-5; S28-S36 Tables in S1 File ; Figs 1 and 2), the number of cities where SO 2 meets limit of Level 1 of the ambient air quality standard of China (GB 3095-2012) (annual mean 0-20 μg/m 3 ) increased from 157 in 2015 to 342 in 2019. Guo et al reported that number of cities where SO 2 meets limit of Level 1 of the ambient air quality standard of China (GB 3095-2012) (annual mean 0-20 μg/m 3 ) increased from 153 in 2015 to 268 in 2017 [18].…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nationally, the annual average relative change was -6.7% and annual average relative change of 91% cities was negative from 2015 to 2019. The annual mean CO value decreased continuously year by year (Tables 2-5; S37-S45 Tables in S1 File [18].…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example and Silver et al reported that substantial changes in the air pollutants PM 2.5 , SO 2 , NO 2 and O 3 occurred across China from 2015-2017 according to data from 1689 sites [17]. Guo et al studied the air quality of 366 cities in 2015-2017 and the spatiotemporal changes in six air pollutants, i.e., PM 2.5 , PM 10 , SO 2 , CO, NO 2 , and O 3 , and AQI [18]. The most recent trends in pollutant changes have also exhibited changes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The spatiotemporal characteristics of the air pollutants in China from 2015 to 2019

2020

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China's rapid industrialization and urbanization have led to poor air quality, and air pollution has caused great concern among the Chinese public. Most analyses of air pollution trends in China are based on model simulations or satellite data. Studies using field observation data and focusing on the latest data from environmental monitoring stations covering the whole country to assess the latest trends of different pollutants in different regions are relatively rare. The State Council of China promulgated the toughest-ever Air Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan (Action Plan) in 2013. This led to a major improvement in air quality. We use the hourly Air Quality Index (AQI) and mass concentrations of PM 2.5 , PM 10 , CO, NO 2 , O 3 , and SO 2 in 362 cities from 2015 to 2019, obtained from the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, to study their temporal and spatial changes and assess the effectiveness of the policy on the atmospheric environment since its promulgation and implementation. We found that the national and regional air quality in China continues to improve, with PM 2.5 , PM 10 , AQI, CO, and SO 2 exhibiting negative trends. However, O 3 and NO 2 pollution is an urgent problem that needs to be solved and the current control strategy for PM 2.5 will only partially reduce the PM 2.5 pollution in the western region. Although the implementation of "Action Plan" measures has effectively improved air quality, China's air pollution is still serious and far from the WHO standard. Implementing measures for continuous and effective emissions control is still a top priority.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Jiang et al estimated that the "Action Plan" would decrease the PM 2.5 by 26%, SO 2 by 34%, and NO 2 by 28% in the Pearl River Delta [4]. [18].…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The spatiotemporal characteristics of the air pollutants in China from 2015 to 2019

2020

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Nitrogen and potassium fertilization in no‐till hard red spring wheat production

Walsh

2020

Agrosystems Geosci & Env

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There is a need to develop more efficient nutrient management strategies to maximize wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grain yields and increase grain protein levels. Urea, most widely used N fertilizer, is susceptible to substantial losses, resulting in low nitrogen use efficiency (NUE). This study assessed the effect of N and K fertilization on hard red spring wheat production under dryland no-till conditions in Montana. A field experiment was conducted during one growing season at two locations in Northcentral Montana. Fertilizer N was applied as urea (46-0-0) or as a urea-KCl (50:50 blend) at planting to achieve two target N rates, 135 and 270 kg N ha −1. Biomass weight, N content, and sensor-based Normalized Vegetative Difference Index (NDVI), yield, test weight, and grain protein content of wheat was evaluated. Results indicated that: (a) N may increase wheat grain quality (protein content) even when wheat yield is not increased, (b) KCl application, along with N, may result in greater wheat biomass production and grain protein values, and (c) NDVI may be more sensitive to the amount of produced biomass than to N content of that biomass. In conclusion, even if yield response to N is minimal, N is beneficial for improving grain protein content of wheat. Addition of KCl along with N may produce greater wheat biomass and increase biomass N content. The NDVI may be more sensitive to the amount of produced biomass than to its N content.

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Environmental records from coral skeletons: A decade of novel insights and innovation

Thompson

2021

WIREs Climate Change

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Hundreds of coral paleoclimate records have been developed over the past several decades, significantly extending the instrumental record and improving our understanding of tropical climate variability and change in otherwise datapoor regions. Coral "proxy" records measure the change in skeletal geochemistry or growth as a function of ocean conditions at the time of calcification.Over the past decade (since 2010), new syntheses have identified coherent patterns of warming and variability that are unique within the paleo record (albeit not yet unprecedented). In turn, ocean warming and acidification have had a detrimental impact on coral growth, with reduced extension and increased stress banding. Methodological advances have constrained uncertainties and improved our understanding of the processes by which climate information is archived in coral skeletons. Models that describe these processes have been developed to facilitate proxy-model comparisons, identify sources of uncertainties, and provide a benchmark upon which forced changes may be detected within a highly variable climate system. Finally, several innovative new proxies have expanded the climate and environmental information that may be obtained from corals, including: seawater pH, aragonite saturation, anthropogenic nitrogen, runoff, and trade winds. Further extending established and novel proxies should remain a priority, along with seawater monitoring and density measurements with which to screen and calibrate these records. As this critical climate archive is increasingly threatened by warming and ocean acidification, the community must work closely together to collect this invaluable climate data in an ecologically and culturally sensitive manner, before it is too late.

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Spatial and temporal variations of air quality and six air pollutants in China during 2015–2017

Cited by 67 publications

References 30 publications

The spatiotemporal characteristics of the air pollutants in China from 2015 to 2019

The spatiotemporal characteristics of the air pollutants in China from 2015 to 2019

Nitrogen and potassium fertilization in no‐till hard red spring wheat production

Environmental records from coral skeletons: A decade of novel insights and innovation

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