Spatial and temporal variation of fungal endophytic richness and diversity associated to the phyllosphere of olive cultivars

Materatski, Patrick; Varanda, Carla; Carvalho, Teresa; Dias, André Luís; Campos, Maria Doroteia; Rei, Fernando Trindade; Félix, Maria do Rosário

doi:10.1016/j.funbio.2018.11.004

Cited by 55 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…Our results were uniform with the previous studies in F. excelsior, F. mandshurica and F. ornus that used ITS-targeted next generation sequencing although the distribution of dominant species may differ due to geographical discrimination (Cleary et al, 2016;Schlegel et al, 2018). Influence of spatial variation on fungal community compositions in trees has previously been described (Zimmerman and Vitousek, 2012;Ek-Ramos et al, 2013;Materatski et al, 2019). Comparison of the twig fungal communities of Fraxinus species or genotypes of F. excelsior maintained under homogenous environmental set-ups, as in this study, can therefore minimize spatial effects on fungal communities and allow us to investigate spontaneous fungal communities associated with such species in detail.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Defining the twig fungal communities of Fraxinus species and Fraxinus excelsior genotypes with differences in susceptibility to ash dieback

et al. 2019

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Ash dieback disease (caused by Hymenoscyphus fraxineus) has affected European ash species (Fraxinus spp.) in recent decades. However, some Asian and American species of Fraxinus and certain genotypes of F. excelsior are less affected by the disease. We used ITS1-metabacoding to explore the drivers influencing diversity and composition of the twig fungal communities of Fraxinus species and F. excelsior genotypes. Our results revealed that fungi in the classes Eurothiomycetes and Dothideomnycetes were among the most prevalent taxa in both Fraxinus species and F. excelsior genotypes. The diversity of the fungal communities differed significantly among Fraxinus species and could be explained by seed origin. Neither host genotype nor season had a significant effect on the community diversity of F. excelsior genotypes. On the other hand, the composition of twig fungal communities differed significantly among host species and among F. excelsior genotypes, and in F.excelsior there was also a significant effect of season on the composition of the fungal community. We did not find a clear effect of ash dieback susceptibility on either diversity or composition of fungal communities in twigs of Fraxinus species, although the effect was significant on the composition of fungal communities among F. excelsior genotypes. Our results demonstrated differences in fungal communities among species of Fraxinus and of F. excelsior genotypes, suggesting specific relationship between individual host genotypes and endophytic fungi.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Defining the twig fungal communities of Fraxinus species and Fraxinus excelsior genotypes with differences in susceptibility to ash dieback

et al. 2019

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“…However, their latitudinal ranges are very narrow (0.2° and 3.7°, respectively) and do not overlap with the distribution of the native and European lineages, potentially confounding biogeographical comparisons involving these two lineage groups. Our study adds to a growing body of evidence supporting plant lineage as a key determinant of foliar fungal community structure in multiple plant species (Materatski et al, 2019; Sapkota, Knorr, Jørgensen, O’Hanlon, & Nicolaisen, 2015; Whitham et al, 2012; but see Busby, Newcombe, Dirzo, & Whitham, 2014; Whitaker, Reynolds, & Clay, 2018). We expand on these earlier findings as one of the first studies conducted outside an agricultural context, by comparing closely related native and invasive taxa over a broad geographical scale and quantifying damage from the fungal pathogen community.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

Intraspecific and biogeographical variation in foliar fungal communities and pathogen damage of native and invasivePhragmites australis

Allen

DeVries

Bologna

et al. 2020

Global Ecol Biogeogr

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Aim:Recent research has highlighted that the relationship between species interactions and latitude can differ between native and invasive plant taxa, generating biogeographical heterogeneity in community resistance to plant invasions. In the first study with foliar pathogens, we tested whether co-occurring native and invasive lineages of common reed (Phragmites australis) exhibit non-parallel latitudinal gradients in foliar fungal communities, pathogen susceptibility and damage, and whether these biogeographical patterns can influence the success of invasion.Location: North America. Time period: 2015-2017.Major taxa studied: Perennial grass P. australis. Methods:We surveyed 35 P. australis field populations, spanning 17° latitude and comprising four phylogeographical lineages, including one endemic to North America and one invasive from Europe. For each population, we quantified the percentage of leaf pathogen damage and cultured fungi from diseased leaves, which we identified using molecular tools. To assess whether latitudinal gradients in pathogen damage had a genetic basis, we inoculated plants from 73 populations with four putative pathogens in a complementary common garden experiment and measured P. australis susceptibility (i.e., diseased leaf area). Results:We isolated 84 foliar fungal taxa. Phragmites australis lineage influenced fungal community composition but not diversity. Despite the invasive European P. australis lineage being the least susceptible to three of the four pathogens tested in the common garden experiment, pathogen damage in the field was similar between native and invasive lineages, providing no evidence that release from foliar pathogens contributes to the success of invasion. Genetically based latitudinal gradients in pathogen susceptibility observed in the common garden were isolate specific and obscured by local environmental conditions in the field, where pathogen damage was threefold higher for northern compared with southern populations, regardless of lineage.

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“…Variation factors like geographical coordinates and seasonality presented a valid hypothesis, showing the occurrence and isolation rates of fungal endophytes a differential counting between the studied sites and sampling seasons. Overall, the elevation of isolation and occurrence rate in the fall season and between sites could be related to the high humidity and variability of soil characters, which was in accordance with the spatial and temporal variation of olive endophytes observed in Portugal [19,77].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Characterization and variation of bacterial and fungal communities from the sapwood of Apulian olive varieties with different susceptibility toXylella fastidiosa

Hanani¹,

Valentini

Cavallo

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Endophytes are symptomless fungal and/or bacterial microorganisms found in almost all living plant species. The symbiotic association with their host plants by colonizing the internal tissues has endowed them as a valuable tool to suppress diseases, to stimulate growth, and to promote stress resistance. In this context, the identification of cultivable endophytes residing the sapwood of Apulian olives might be a promising control strategy for xylem colonizing pathogens as Xylella fatidiosa . To date, olive’s sapwood cultivable endophytes are still under exploration; therefore, this work pursues a study of diversity and occurrence variation of cultivable endophytes in the sapwood of different olive varieties under the effect seasonality, geographical coordinates, and X. fastidiosa infection status . Briefly, our study confirms the stability of sapwood cultivable endophytic communities in the resistant olive variety, presents the seasonal and geographical fluctuation of olive’s sapwood endophytes, describes the diversity and occurrence frequency of fungal and bacterial genera, and finally retrieves some of sapwood-inhabiting fungal and bacterial isolates are known as biocontrol agents of plant pathogens. Thus, the potential role of these bacterial and fungal isolates in conferring olive tree protection against X. fastidiosa should be further investigated.

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Spatial and temporal variation of fungal endophytic richness and diversity associated to the phyllosphere of olive cultivars

Cited by 55 publications

References 50 publications

Defining the twig fungal communities of Fraxinus species and Fraxinus excelsior genotypes with differences in susceptibility to ash dieback

Defining the twig fungal communities of Fraxinus species and Fraxinus excelsior genotypes with differences in susceptibility to ash dieback

Intraspecific and biogeographical variation in foliar fungal communities and pathogen damage of native and invasivePhragmites australis

Characterization and variation of bacterial and fungal communities from the sapwood of Apulian olive varieties with different susceptibility toXylella fastidiosa

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