“…Due to the unique climatic conditions and resource constraints, ecosystem services have become a core area of ecological research in arid areas, involving water resource management, the carbon cycle, and climate regulation. By using the InVEST model, Yao et al [15] studied the spatial and temporal response of vegetation to runoff changes in the Ebinur Lake Basin by using remote sensing data. The results suggested that the spatial distribution of runoff was positively correlated with altitude.…”