Spatial and temporal trends of contaminants in terrestrial biota from the Canadian Arctic

Gamberg, Mary; Braune, Birgit M.; Davey, Eric; Elkin, Brett; Hoekstra, Paul F.; Kennedy, David; Macdonald, C.R.; Muir, Derek C.G.; Nirwal, Amar; Wayland, Mark; Zeeb, Barbara A.

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.032

Cited by 63 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…W organizmie łosia, karibu, bobra, piżmaka, lisa, rosomaka zanieczyszczenia mogą się kumulować, jednak stężenie chromu, oznaczonych w wątrobie i nerkach łosi i karibu nie osiągnęło wartości, które mogłyby być uznane za zagrożenie pod względem toksykologicznym (42). Zawartości metali w tkance mięśniowej bobra i piżmaka były bardzo niskie i uznawane za typowe dla lądowych dzikich zwierząt, jednak stres, inwazja pasożytów i metale ciężkie działając jednocześnie, mogą wywołać znaczne szkody w organizmie dzikich zwierząt (66).…”

Section: Toksykokinetykaunclassified

Trivalent chromium (CrIII) as a trace element essential for animals and humans

Kosla¹,

Lasocka²,

Skibniewska³

et al. 2018

Medycyna Weterynaryjna

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Trivalent chromium is considered an essential element in the nutrition of both animals and humans. Animal studies confirm many beneficial effects of organic and inorganic chromium compounds on carbohydrate, protein and lipid metabolism in the body. Glucose tolerance factor (GTF) has been demonstrated to involve an active form of trivalent chromium, which sustains normal glucose metabolism. Cr(III) compounds form enzymes and ribonucleic acids, accelerate blood clotting and increase β-glucuronidase activity. Chromium also participates in antioxidant processes, in the synthesis of RNA and DNA and in the immune response, as well as affects secretion of hormones and some vitamins. It has been demonstrated that chromium improves lean body mass in animals, increases growth rate and feed conversion and improves feed intake and energy efficiency. Organic chromium reduces mortality and improves animal reproduction parameters. It also enhances immunity and strengthens response to preventive vaccination. It has been noted in many animal species that a diet low in chromium leads to deficiency symptoms, such as reduced feed intake, lower weight gains, reproductive disorders and increased lipid levels. Chromium deficiency can also result from stress. Moderate chromium deficiency is a risk factor of ischemic heart disease with myocardial infarction. Such a condition may pose a great risk of coronary artery disease. Dietary chromium requirement of an animal body is probably 300 μg Cr/kg d.w. of feed, which is usually satisfied by the ration provided. The highest concentration of chromium is found in the hair, skin and teeth, followed by the liver, kidneys, spleen, and slightly lower in the heart, muscles, pancreas, lungs, bones and brain. Chromium absorption rates in the human intestine range between 0.5 and 2% of the daily intake of inorganic Cr forms, and from 25 to 30% of the element ingested as organic complexes. Clinical studies show that the kinetics of chromium excretion from the system are complex and can be described by a multi-range model, the half-life ranging from 13 min to 192 days. Dietary chromium nanocomposite supplementation (CrNano) used in pigs nutrition has significantly increased Cr content in the blood, longissimus muscle, heart, liver, kidneys, jejunum and ileum. Chromium nanocomposite supplementation acts more effectively on the tissues and, as a consequence, increases the accumulation of the element. .

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Section: Toksykokinetykaunclassified

Trivalent chromium (CrIII) as a trace element essential for animals and humans

Kosla¹,

Lasocka²,

Skibniewska³

et al. 2018

Medycyna Weterynaryjna

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“…Environmental monitoring and health-impact assessment of Hg exposure has increased in the North over the last 20 years (Loring et al, 2010;Cassady, 2010;Gamberg et al, 2005;Dehn et al, 2006;Horvat et al, 2000). Coastal communities in northwest Alaska are important for monitoring changes in mercury deposition and distribution because of both prevailing global wind and precipitation patterns as well as industrial development (Lokken et al, 2009;Loring and Gerlach, 2009;White et al, 2007;Dunlap et al, 2007).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mercury in Hair of Muskox on the Seward Peninsula

Ihl¹,

Bowyer²,

Dunlap³

et al. 2012

American Journal of Environmental Sciences

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Problem statement: Muskoxen (Ovibus moschatus) are distant relatives of sheep (Caprinae) and have roamed the Arctic for a million years, with populations reaching North America between 150,000 and 250,000 years ago. Muskox populations could be negatively influenced by climate change and increased exposure to contaminants. Since the snow depth is a critical factor in their ecology, effects could occur throughout their distribution. Muskox typically feed on plants on hilltops and upper slopes where shrubs are increasing at the expense of graminoid and lichen species. Besides changes in plant species composition, wildfires and flooding, as well as renewed mining developments, can lead to an increased incidence of total Hg (THg) bioavailability. Approach: In this survey THg concentrations were measured in the hair of muskox at several sites on Seward Peninsula of Alaska, USA. Results: Muskox exhibited mean THg levels in the hair of 29. THg levels are relatively low and helping establish a baseline for Hg exposure in muskoxen.

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“…The long-term cataloging and preservation of tissues at the National Wildlife Specimen Bank can enable researchers to track long-term trends in contaminants, and this research has informed global policy decisions such as the ban on particularly harmful chemical substances . For example, the analysis of marine bird tissues has contributed to understanding long-term trends in brominated flame retardants, DDT, and Hg in the Arctic (Gamberg et al, 2005;Braune et al, 2006), and these key pieces of evidence have helped inform policy and shape regulatory standards (AMAP, 2011).…”

Section: Contaminantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

How Arctic Marine Birds Help Researchers Study a Changing North

Provencher¹

2014

ARCTIC

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Spatial and temporal trends of contaminants in terrestrial biota from the Canadian Arctic

Cited by 63 publications

References 40 publications

Trivalent chromium (CrIII) as a trace element essential for animals and humans

Trivalent chromium (CrIII) as a trace element essential for animals and humans

Mercury in Hair of Muskox on the Seward Peninsula

How Arctic Marine Birds Help Researchers Study a Changing North

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