Spatial and Temporal Sensitivity of Hydrogeomorphic Response and Recovery to Deforestation, Agriculture, and Floods

Fitzpatrick, Faith A.; Knox, James C.

doi:10.1080/02723646.2000.10642701

Cited by 60 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Simulation results of sediment loads for the different land-cover scenarios for North Fish Creek indicate that, if flood peaks decrease, sediment transport and sediment loads decrease (Fitzpatrick and Knox, 2001). The benefit of reducing sediment loads through a reduction in flood peaks is exponential because the empirical relation between sediment load and streamflow is best represented by power function (Fitzpatrick and Knox, 2001).…”

Section: Flood Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…The benefit of reducing sediment loads through a reduction in flood peaks is exponential because the empirical relation between sediment load and streamflow is best represented by power function (Fitzpatrick and Knox, 2001). Implications for geomorphic conditions are that decreasing flood peaks should reduce the potential for incision, bank erosion, bluff and terrace erosion, lateral migration, and widening.…”

Section: Flood Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Beginning in the late 1800s, logging, forest fires, and settlement activities reduced watershed storage, interception, infiltration, upland and channel roughness; shortened drainage pathways; and increased overland runoff rates and flood peaks. Surface runoff, flood peaks, erosion, and sedimentation reached their highest levels during the 1940s and 1950s, corresponding to a period of large, frequent floods (Fitzpatrick and Knox, 2001). Floods during this period enlarged channel cross sections, and caused incision, scour, and transport of sand, gravel, and LWD.…”

Section: Implications For Brook-trout Habitatmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1A), is degraded because of increased runoff and sedimentation problems associated with past and present land uses such as logging, forest fires, agriculture, and development of roads (Red Clay Interagency Committee, 1967;Fitzpatrick and others, 1999;Pratt, 2000). Geomorphic conditions in these streams have been altered by changes in sediment erosion, transport, and deposition caused by increased flood magnitudes (Fitzpatrick, 1998;Fitzpatrick and others, 1999;Fitzpatrick and Knox, 2001). Present flood magnitudes are higher than they were before Euro-American settlement and logging in the 1870s (Verry, 1987;Fitzpatrick and others, 1999;Lenz and others, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Geomorphic, flood, and groundwater-flow characteristics of Bayfield Peninsula streams, Wisconsin, and implications for brook-trout habitat

Fitzpatrick¹,

Peppler²,

Saad³

et al. 2015

Scientific Investigations Report

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For more information on the USGS-the Federal source for science about the Earth, its natural and living resources, natural hazards, and the environment, visit http://www.usgs.gov or call 1-888-ASK-USGS.For an overview of USGS information products, including maps, imagery, and publications, visit http://www.usgs.gov/pubprodTo order this and other USGS information products, visit http://store.usgs.gov Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.Although this information product, for the most part, is in the public domain, it also may contain copyrighted materials as noted in the text. Permission to reproduce copyrighted items must be secured from the copyright owner. AbstractIn 2002-03, the U.S. Geological Survey conducted a study of the geomorphic, flood, and groundwater-flow characteristics of five Bayfield Peninsula streams, Wisconsin (Cranberry River, Bark River, Raspberry River, Sioux River, and Whittlesey Creek) to determine the physical limitations for brook-trout habitat. The goals of the study were threefold:(1) to describe geomorphic characteristics and processes, (2) to determine how land-cover characteristics affect flood peaks, and (3) to determine how regional groundwater flow patterns affect base flow.The geomorphic characterization consisted of analyses of historical aerial photographs and General Land Office Survey notes, observations from helicopter video footage, surveys of valley cross sections, and coring. Sources of sediment were identified from the helicopter video and field surveys, and past erosion-control techniques were evaluated. Geomorphic processes, such as runoff sediment erosion, transport, and deposition, are driven by channel location within the drainage network, texture of glacial deposits, and proximity to postglacial lake shorelines; these processes have historically increased because of decreases in upland forest cover and channel roughness. Sources of sediment for all studied streams mainly came from bank, terrace, or bluff erosion along main stem reaches and along feeder tributaries that bisect mainstem entrenched valley sides. Bluff, terrace, and bank erosion were the major sources of sediment to Whittlesey Creek and the Sioux River. No active bluff erosion was observed on the Cranberry River or the Bark River but anecdotal information suggests that landslides occasionally happen on the Cranberry River. For the Bark River, sources of sediment were somewhat evenly divided among road crossings (bridges, culverts, and unimproved forest lanes), terrace erosion, bank erosion, and incision along upper main stems and feeder channels along valley sides. Evaluation of past erosion-control techniques indicated that bluffs were stabilized by a combination of artificial hardening and bioengineering of the bluff base and reducing mass wasting of the tops of the bluffs.Flood hydrographs for the Cranberry River were simulated for four land-cover scenarios-late 20th century (1992-93), presettlement (be...

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Section: Flood Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Flood Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Implications For Brook-trout Habitatmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Geomorphic, flood, and groundwater-flow characteristics of Bayfield Peninsula streams, Wisconsin, and implications for brook-trout habitat

Fitzpatrick¹,

Peppler²,

Saad³

et al. 2015

Scientific Investigations Report

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“…El azolve de los ríos en zonas deforestadas hace que sus cauces sean menos profundos. En combinación con el aumento del escurrimiento pluvial, el azolve aumenta significativamente el riesgo de inundaciones (Kramer et al, 1997;Fitzpatrick y Knox, 2000). El azolve también causa que las represas de presas hidroeléctricas se llenen de sedimentos, disminuyendo su vida productiva.…”

Section: Los Bosques Y La Regulación De Los Patrones Hídricos En Méxicounclassified

Los servicios hidrológicos y la conservación de los bosques de México

Manson

2016

MYB

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RESUMENEl manejo de los recursos hídricos es uno de los retos ambientales más importantes que los seres humanos tendrán que enfrentar en este nuevo siglo. En México, una crisis severa causada por el mal manejo del agua está siendo acentuada por las altas tasas de deforestación y la pérdida de los servicios hidrológicos proporcionados por los bosques y selvas del país. En este ensayo se revisan los importantes servicios hidrológicos brindados por estos ecosistemas en México incluyendo la captación de agua y la prevención de ciclos de inundación y sequía, así como la conservación de los suelos, la regulación del clima regional y la reducción del azolve de los cauces de los ríos. Se propone el establecimiento de esquemas de pago por estos servicios ambientales (PSA) como un mecanismo prometedor para aumentar la cobertura boscosa y favorecer el manejo sustentable de los recursos naturales en el país. En particular, se discute el establecimiento de mercados enfocados en la conservación del agua potable y la producción de energía hidroeléctrica, así como la prevención de los desastres naturales y se plantea una serie de recomendaciones para los tomadores de decisiones interesados en este tema. Dado que los problemas hídricos de México son muy serios, se está tomando conciencia de que estos ya no se pueden ignorar y que se deben, en gran parte, al impacto de los seres humanos sobre la relación agua y bosques y que los servicios ambientales son muy importantes para garantizar el bienestar de las futuras generaciones de mexicanos.PALABRAS CLAVE: Agua potable, clima regional, desastres naturales, energía hidroeléctrica, México, pago por servicios ambientales, relación agua y bosques, servicios hidrológicos. ABSTRACTThe management of water resources is one of the most important environmental challenges facing mankind this century. In Mexico, the crises caused by mismanagement of water resources is severe and has been accentuated by high rates of deforestation and the subsequent loss of the hydrological services provided by forests. This essay presents a brief overview of the important hydrological services provided by forests in Mexico including water capture, regulation of flood and drought cycles, as well as soil conservation and the regulation of sedimentation rates and regional climate. The creation of markets for these ecosystem services is proposed as a promising mechanism for increasing forest cover and promoting the sustainable use of natural resources in Mexico. In particular, markets aimed at conserving drinking water and water flow for hydroelectric power, as well as the prevention of natural disasters are discussed and, recommendations provided for decision makers interested in this topic. While Mexico's hydrological problems are serious and cause for concern, they have also sparked renewed interest in the conservation of forests and their ecosystem services as a way of assuring the well being of future generations of Mexicans.

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The Sustainability of Restored Rivers: Catchment‐Scale Perspectives on Long Term Response

Gregory

Downs²

2008

River Restoration

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Spatial and Temporal Sensitivity of Hydrogeomorphic Response and Recovery to Deforestation, Agriculture, and Floods

Cited by 60 publications

References 20 publications

Geomorphic, flood, and groundwater-flow characteristics of Bayfield Peninsula streams, Wisconsin, and implications for brook-trout habitat

Geomorphic, flood, and groundwater-flow characteristics of Bayfield Peninsula streams, Wisconsin, and implications for brook-trout habitat

Los servicios hidrológicos y la conservación de los bosques de México

The Sustainability of Restored Rivers: Catchment‐Scale Perspectives on Long Term Response

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