Spatial and temporal scales of sea surface salinity variability in the Atlantic Ocean

Martins, Meike Sena; Serra, Nuno; Stammer, Detlef

doi:10.1002/2014jc010649

Cited by 27 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 48 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In Baffin Bay, there appears to be a good spatial association between the SST change and the reduction of sea ice that results from an increase in downward infrared radiation (Park, Lee, and Feldstein 2015). Interestingly, this is also an area where a strong seasonal salinity cycle exists (Sena Martins et al 2015), possibly indicating an increase in stratification due to seasonal ice loss. The Canadian trends are much higher than the mean warming rate of the global oceans' surface layer (0.11 • C/10 years) over the period 1971(IPCC 2014, except for the northwest Pacific.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Canadian Coastal Seas and Great Lakes Sea Surface Temperature Climatology and Recent Trends

Larouche

Galbraith

2016

Canadian Journal of Remote Sensing

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

28 years of satellite data were used to calculate sea surface temperature (SST) climatologies covering Canada's 3 surrounding oceans and the Great Lakes. Results show the imprint of major circulation features on the spatial distribution of the SST. Together with the Gulf Stream, the Labrador Current generates a strong spatial variability of SST on the east coast. Most of the Canadian Arctic, with the exception of Hudson Bay and the coastal Beaufort Sea region, is characterized by very small seasonal SST amplitude. Lake Erie is the water body having the largest seasonal SST amplitude, but for the oceanic regions, it is the southern Gulf of St. Lawrence and the adjacent Scotian Shelf. A trend analysis showed that many regions are undergoing rapid warming of the sea surface. However, warming is not spatially uniform. The strongest warming was detected in Baffin Bay and appears to result from the decreasing ice cover. Lake Superior is also showing a strong warming trend. These results have important implications for fisheries management because SST affects many species. Regions with small yearly amplitudes and warming trends might act as future cool water oases for some species. Résumé. 28 années de données satellitaires ontété utilisées afin de calculer des climatologies des températures de surface de la mer «sea surface temperature» (SST) pour les 3 océans entourant le Canada ainsi que pour les Grands Lacs. Les résultats montrent l'empreinte des principaux courants océaniques sur la distribution spatiale des SST. Avec le Gulf Stream, le courant duLabrador génère une forte variabilité spatiale des SST sur la côte est. La plupart de l'arctique canadien, avec l'exception de la Baie d'Hudson et la zone côtière de la mer de Beaufort, est caractérisé par une très faible amplitude annuelle des SST. Le lacÉrié est la masse d'eau montrant la plus grande amplitude saisonnière, mais pour les régions océaniques, ce sont le sud du Golfe du Saint-Laurent et le plateau Néo-Écossais adjacent. Une analyse de tendances a montré que plusieurs régions sont soumisesà un accroissement rapide des températures de surface. Toutefois, le réchauffement n'est pas spatialement uniforme. Le plus fort réchauffement aété détecté dans la baie de Baffin et semble reliéà la décroissance de la couverture de glace. Le lac Supérieur montre aussi une forte tendance au réchauffement. Ces résultats ont d'importantes implications pour la gestion des pêches puisque la SST affecte plusieurs espèces. Les régions ayant une faible amplitude annuelle et un faible taux de réchauffement pourraient agir dans le futur comme des oasis froides pour certaines espèces.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Canadian Coastal Seas and Great Lakes Sea Surface Temperature Climatology and Recent Trends

Larouche

Galbraith

2016

Canadian Journal of Remote Sensing

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Variability in SSS is observed on sub-seasonal to seasonal time-scales across the global oceans (Boyer and Levitus, 2002;Delcroix et al, 2005;Bingham et al, 2012;Sena Martins et al, 2015;Bingham and Lee, 2017), with the highest seasonal variance in SSS in the tropical Atlantic and Pacific ITCZ and North Atlantic regions (e.g. Bingham et al, 2012).…”

Section: Process-based Validationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Precipitation measurements from the Tropical Moored Array: A review and look ahead

Serra

2018

Quart J Royal Meteoro Soc

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Rainfall is an important component of the global climate system and is one of the essential climate variables (ECVs) highlighted in the implementation plan for the Global Climate Observing System (GCOS). Over 75% of the world's rainfall occurs over open ocean where in situ observations are most sparse. While current satellite algorithms for estimating rainfall have improved considerably over the past few decades, validation of these products using in situ observations remains critical for meeting the requirements of an ECV. This article reviews the current status of continuous, high‐frequency open‐ocean rainfall measurements collected across the tropical Pacific from the Tropical Moored Array (TMA) and outlines upcoming challenges as well as opportunities for these measurements under the Tropical Pacific Observing System (TPOS) 2020 Project now underway. The rainfall observations from the TMA now provide over a 15‐year record at some sites; however, these observations have been drastically reduced in recent years. As the TPOS is reassessed in light of new platforms for observing ocean and atmospheric state variables, this is an opportune time to review the TMA rainfall observations and their important place in the redesign of the TMA as a “full flux” platform, measuring all interfacial fluxes including radiation and rainfall, as well as momentum, latent and sensible heat fluxes.

show abstract

“…What has not been done so far is a more globally oriented study of the time and space scales at which SSS varies. The structure of seasonal variability of SSS in various basins has been documented [ Sena Martins et al ., ; Song et al ., ; Bingham et al ., ; Roemmich and Gilson , ; Boyer and Levitus , ]. However, as shown by Bingham et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Space and time scales of sea surface salinity and freshwater forcing variability in the global ocean (60°S–60°N)

Bingham

Lee

2017

JGR Oceans

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Using Aquarius Version‐4.0 data, we have investigated the time and space scales of sea surface salinity (SSS) over the global ocean between 60°S and 60°N. Decorrelation time scales of SSS were found to be divided among less than 80 days (covering 1/2 of ocean area), 80–100 days (1/3), and greater than 100 days (remainder). Once the seasonal cycle is removed, shorter time scales (less than 80 days) dominate. Spatial scales are largest in the tropics along the intertropical convergence zones of all oceans and the South Pacific convergence zone in the South Pacific. Time scales were also calculated for time‐integrated (cumulative) surface freshwater forcing (CFWF) using precipitation from Tropical Rainfall Measurement Mission and evaporation from OAFlux data. These showed little spatial pattern, but a dominance of the seasonal and longer time scales over the globe. The lack of correspondence between dominant temporal and spatial scales of SSS and CFWF highlights the importance of ocean processes in regulating SSS variability.

show abstract

Spatial and temporal scales of sea surface salinity variability in the Atlantic Ocean

Cited by 27 publications

References 48 publications

Canadian Coastal Seas and Great Lakes Sea Surface Temperature Climatology and Recent Trends

Canadian Coastal Seas and Great Lakes Sea Surface Temperature Climatology and Recent Trends

Precipitation measurements from the Tropical Moored Array: A review and look ahead

Space and time scales of sea surface salinity and freshwater forcing variability in the global ocean (60°S–60°N)

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About