Spatial and temporal dynamics of the Antarctic krill fishery in fishing hotspots in the Bransfield Strait and South Shetland Islands

Cruz, Fernando Silvério Ferreira da; Ernst, Billy; Arata, Javier; Parada, Carolina

doi:10.1016/j.fishres.2018.07.020

Cited by 41 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Our study adds to the evidence that within the south-west Atlantic sector there are relatively localised hotspots of activity, including krill spawning and early stage development, foraging of land-based predators, fishing, tourism and scientific research [90–93]. We have identified the Southern Scotia Arc as one such hotspot for the krill life cycle.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

“…This localised nature of successful spawning is important in the context of the krill fishing industry. Since the mid-1990s almost all krill fishing in the Southern Ocean has taken place in the south-west Atlantic, particularly around South Georgia, the South Orkneys and the South Shetland Islands and, more recently, in the Bransfield Strait [88–90]. The overlap of areas targeted by the fishery and the location of high adult densities is not surprising.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Habitat partitioning in Antarctic krill: Spawning hotspots and nursery areas

et al. 2019

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Antarctic krill, Euphausia superba , have a circumpolar distribution but are concentrated within the south-west Atlantic sector, where they support a unique food web and a commercial fishery. Within this sector, our first goal was to produce quantitative distribution maps of all six ontogenetic life stages of krill (eggs, nauplii plus metanauplii, calyptopes, furcilia, juveniles, and adults), based on a compilation of all available post 1970s data. Using these maps, we then examined firstly whether “hotspots” of egg production and early stage nursery occurred, and secondly whether the available habitat was partitioned between the successive life stages during the austral summer and autumn, when krill densities can be high. To address these questions, we compiled larval krill density records and extracted data spanning 41 years (1976–2016) from the existing KRILLBASE-abundance and KRILLBASE-length-frequency databases. Although adult males and females of spawning age were widely distributed, the distribution of eggs, nauplii and metanauplii indicates that spawning is most intense over the shelf and shelf slope. This contrasts with the distributions of calyptope and furcilia larvae, which were concentrated further offshore, mainly in the Southern Scotia Sea. Juveniles, however, were strongly concentrated over shelves along the Scotia Arc. Simple environmental analyses based on water depth and mean water temperature suggest that krill associate with different habitats over the course of their life cycle. From the early to late part of the austral season, juvenile distribution moves from ocean to shelf, opposite in direction to that for adults. Such habitat partitioning may reduce intraspecific competition for food, which has been suggested to occur when densities are exceptionally high during years of strong recruitment. It also prevents any potential cannibalism by adults on younger stages. Understanding the location of krill spawning and juvenile development in relation to potentially overlapping fishing activities is needed to protect the health of the south-west Atlantic sector ecosystem.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Habitat partitioning in Antarctic krill: Spawning hotspots and nursery areas

et al. 2019

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“…Efforts to characterise the spatial footprint of the fishery have been limited to kernel density summaries of summed fishing effort over decadal time periods (e.g. 6 , 7 ) with the exception of one study that identified temporally persistent fishing hotspots over six consecutive seasons 8 . Interestingly, this study proposed that the fishery should be considered another member of the krill predator guild.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Male Antarctic fur seals: neglected food competitors of bioindicator species in the context of an increasing Antarctic krill fishery

Lowther

Staniland

Lydersen

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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The fishery for Antarctic krill is currently managed using a precautionary, ecosystem-based approach to limiting catch, with performance indices from a long-term monitoring program focused on several krill-dependent predators that are used to track ecosystem health. Concerns over increased fishing in concentrated areas and ongoing efforts to establish a Marine Protected Area along the Peninsula, a key fishing region, is driving the development of an adaptive management system for the fishery. The cumulative effects of fishing effort and interactions among krill-dependent predators and their performance is at present neglected in the CCAMLR Ecosystem Monitoring Program. However, we show considerable overlap between male Antarctic fur seals and the krill fishery in a complex mosaic, suggesting potential for cumulative impacts on other krill dependent predators. A holistic view is required as part of future efforts to manage the krill fishery that incorporates various sources of potential impacts on the performance of bioindicator species, including the fishery and its interactions with various krill dependent predators.

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“…The white bounded area represents the area displayed in ( b ). b Representation of the section of subarea 48.1 that contains the fishing hotspots identified by Santa Cruz et al ( 2018 ). Each fishing hotspot is enclosed by a black border and is shaded in dark blue.…”

Section: Antarctic Krill and C Finmarchicus Fisheries Management Threats To The Ecosystem And Climate Changementioning

confidence: 99%

Omega-3 nutraceuticals, climate change and threats to the environment: The cases of Antarctic krill and Calanus finmarchicus

Prado-Cabrero

Nolan

2021

Ambio

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The nutraceutical market for EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid) and DHA (docosahexaenoic acid) is promoting fishing for Euphasia superba (Antarctic krill) in the Southern Ocean and Calanus finmarchicus in Norwegian waters. This industry argues that these species are underexploited, but they are essential in their ecosystems, and climate change is altering their geographical distribution. In this perspective, we advocate the cessation of fishing for these species to produce nutraceuticals with EPA and DHA. We argue that this is possible because, contrary to what this industry promotes, the benefits of these fatty acids only seem significant to specific population groups, and not for the general population. Next, we explain that this is desirable because there is evidence that these fisheries may interact with the impact of climate change. Greener sources of EPA and DHA are already available on the market, and their reasonable use would ease pressure on the Arctic and Antarctic ecosystems.

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Spatial and temporal dynamics of the Antarctic krill fishery in fishing hotspots in the Bransfield Strait and South Shetland Islands

Cited by 41 publications

References 44 publications

Habitat partitioning in Antarctic krill: Spawning hotspots and nursery areas

Habitat partitioning in Antarctic krill: Spawning hotspots and nursery areas

Male Antarctic fur seals: neglected food competitors of bioindicator species in the context of an increasing Antarctic krill fishery

Omega-3 nutraceuticals, climate change and threats to the environment: The cases of Antarctic krill and Calanus finmarchicus

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