Spatial and Temporal Aspects of Nitrogen Deposition

Metcalfe, Sarah E.; Fowler, D.; Derwent, Richard G.; Sutton, Mark A.; Smith, Ron; Whyatt, J. Duncan

doi:10.1007/978-94-017-3356-4_2

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The dry deposition flux was calculated as the product of the deposition velocity and ambient concentration. For NO 2 , the stomatal uptake mainly limits the maximum rates of deposition to canopies of vegetations [Metcalfe et al, 1999]. We used the study results from Zhang et al [2004], which combined the site-specific gradient meteorological data and a big-leaf model to simulate the distribution of dry deposition velocities for the main types of land use present in China.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The mean deposition rates of gaseous NO 2 in China were considerably larger than that in Europe which averaged to 1.3 kg N ha À1 yr À1 [Holland et al, 2005] by 2 or 3 times. The great disparity can be mostly attributed to increasing NO x emissions in China arising from doubled vehicles and increasing industrial and domestic sources [Richter et al, 2005;Streets et al, 2003], while across Europe NO x emissions began to decline after 1990 probably because of the effective environmental protocols and economic restructuring [Metcalfe et al, 1999]. Furthermore, interpolation of the observation data acquired from urban monitoring sites undoubtedly overestimated current status of dry deposition fluxes in China.…”

Section: Wet-and Dry-deposition Fluxesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spatial and temporal patterns of nitrogen deposition in China: Synthesis of observational data

Lü¹,

Tian²

2007

J. Geophys. Res.

450

242

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[1] Anthropogenic nitrous pollutant emissions in China significantly increased during the last decades, which contributed to the accelerated nitrogen (N) deposition. In order to characterize spatial pattern of nitrogen deposition, we employed the kriging technique to interpolate sampling data of precipitation chemistry and ambient air concentration from site-network observations over China. The estimation of wet deposition in China was limited to aqueous NO 3 À and NH 4 + , while ambient NO 2 was the only species involved in the predicted dry deposition fluxes. To obtain wet deposition fluxes, precipitation concentration was multiplied by 20-year mean precipitation amounts with a resolution of 10 Â 10 km. Dry deposition fluxes were products of the interpolated ambient NO 2 concentration and deposition velocities modeled for the main vegetation types in China. The total deposition rates of wet and dry deposition peaked over the central south China, with maximum values of 63.53 kg N ha À1 yr À1 , and an average value of 12.89 kg N ha À1 yr À1 . With ambient NO 2 concentration data spanning from the year 1990 through 2003, we detected and evaluated trends in the time series of the annual values of atmospheric NO 2 concentration. Significant upward trends at 21 of 102 sites were exhibited, with median percent change of 61.45% over the period [1990][1991][1992][1993][1994][1995][1996][1997][1998][1999][2000][2001][2002][2003]. In addition, spatially continuous patterns of dry deposition fluxes based on ambient NO 2 measurements in two 5-year phases, 9 years apart, were carried out. On average, there was a rise of 7.66% in NO 2 dry deposition during 9 years throughout China.Citation: Lü, C., and H. Tian (2007), Spatial and temporal patterns of nitrogen deposition in China: Synthesis of observational data,

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Wet-and Dry-deposition Fluxesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial and temporal patterns of nitrogen deposition in China: Synthesis of observational data

Lü¹,

Tian²

2007

J. Geophys. Res.

450

242

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Controls on inorganic N species transformations and potential leaching in freely drained sub-soils of heavily N-impacted acid grassland

2009

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In N-polluted, minimally managed soils, recent research has shown that ammonium-N, as well as nitrate-N, may move down through soil profiles. There is a need, therefore, to reassess what controls N species transformations below the rooting depth in such soils. The changes with depth down to 1 m in extractable ammonium-N and nitrate-N concentrations have been studied for two heavily N-impacted acid grassland soils near York, UK, for fresh soils and for soils incubated after either deionised water (d.w.) or ammonium-N spiking. Although in close proximity, the profiles showed marked differences in their relationships of ammonium-and nitrate-N to soil pH, C%, N% and C:N ratio. One profile was slightly more acidic at the surface, which seems to have changed the distribution of organic matter throughout the soil profile. Trends in ammonium production with depth were clearer when ammonium-N concentrations were recalculated on the basis of ammonium-N per unit mass of soil organic C. This then allowed a consistent trend with soil pH to be discerned for both profiles. Ammonium-N spiking showed that ammonium substrate availability was limiting potential net nitrification rate at 20-60 cm depth for both profiles. Potential mineral-N production was considerable at depth, which would facilitate transport of N to surface waters and/or groundwaters.

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Biomonitoring von Stickstoffimmissionen

Mohr

2007

UWSF - Z Umweltchem Ökotox

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Spatial and Temporal Aspects of Nitrogen Deposition

Cited by 6 publications

References 35 publications

Spatial and temporal patterns of nitrogen deposition in China: Synthesis of observational data

Spatial and temporal patterns of nitrogen deposition in China: Synthesis of observational data

Controls on inorganic N species transformations and potential leaching in freely drained sub-soils of heavily N-impacted acid grassland

Biomonitoring von Stickstoffimmissionen

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