Spatial Analysis of the Gender Pay Gap in China: Asymmetries as a Consequence of Development

Abstract

Although it is 40 years since the adoption of the Convention on all forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW, 1979), discrimination remains commonplace in law and practice. On one hand, 131 countries have added 274 gender-related reforms to laws and regulations over the past decade, however it is estimated that more than 2.5 billion women and girls live in countries with at least one discriminatory law on the books. These statues restrict women' s ability to make decisions about marriage, divorce, and child custody; and to make choices about getting a job or starting a business, among others.Meanwhile, violence against women remains a human rights abuse on a massive scale. One in five women globally has experienced sexual and/or physical violence at the hands of an intimate partner in the past year. While in the 1990s, laws against domestic violence were uncommon, today they are in place in around three quarters of countries. This is important progress, largely driven by feminist activism, although much more needs to be done to ensure implementation, and to provide services and access to justice for survivors.

COVID-19 and the Housework Gender Division: Traditional or New Gender Patterns?

“…Time, as a resource, is finite and women must spread their time between these three types of activities, something which men generally do not have to do. Women's socio-labor status is conditioned by so-called "family obligations" since they cannot dedicate the same time to their paid employment in the labor market as men, leading to consequences that go beyond the wage gender gap (Larraz et al 2019(Larraz et al , 2020.…”