Spatial Analysis of Linear Structures in the Exploration of Groundwater

Abstract

Abstract:The analysis of linear structures on major geological formations plays a crucial role in resource exploration in the Inner Niger Delta. Highlighting and mapping of the large lithological units were carried out using image fusion, spectral bands (RGB coding), Principal Component Analysis (PCA), and band ratio methods. The automatic extraction method of linear structures has permitted the obtaining of a structural map with 82,659 linear structures, distributed on different stratigraphic stages. The intensity study shows an accentuation in density over 12.52% of the total area, containing 22.02% of the linear structures. The density and nodes (intersections of fractures) formed by the linear structures on the different lithologies allowed to observe the behavior of the region's aquifers in the exploration of subsoil resources. The central density, in relation to the hydrographic network of the lowlands, shows the conditioning of the flow and retention of groundwater in the region, and in-depth fluids. The node areas and high-density linear structures, have shown an ability to have rejections in deep (pores) that favor the formation of structural traps for oil resources.

Analysis of Land surface Temperature change based on MODIS data, Case study: Inner Delta of Niger

“…H, 2007). Accordingly, the first region performs as a concave shape as a water area surrounded by wet area included between "19.21°C to 31.10°C" in the recent alluvions (Dembélé & Ye, 2017). Also mainly as a semi-dry area, the second region demonstrates as a flat part between "31.10°C to 43.00°C" into the arrangement of precambrian and continental terminal formations at southwest and at the East of recent alluvions.…”

“…According to the general temperature change on figure 3, the LST increases from Southwest to North direction while to 5 highlight certain characteristic places in the "Dunes-sandy, clays and laterite" areas in the Goundam zone (Dembélé & Ye, 2017;Inger et al, 2006). Some of these characteristic places located in the faguibine lake, kanango lake and Gouber lake from the subsequent works, have been already marked by a volcanic activity (El Abbass et al, 1993;Svensen et al, 2003).…”

“…The morphological typical shapes such as concave, ridge, and flat part are illustrated in Figure 6 by taking the mean as an example. The three regions has revealed that the LST of volcanic and some mountains areas is the highest, followed by flat bare soil, and water areas (Dembélé & Ye, 2017;Mahe, Orange, Mariko, & Bricquet, 2011;Maiga. H, Marie.…”

“…Occupancy rate of temperature slices over the period2000to 2017 . 2000d : December 2000 2004n: November 2004 …”