Spatial Accessibility of Primary Care in England: A Cross‐Sectional Study Using a Floating Catchment Area Method

Bauer, Jan; Müller, Ruth; Brüggmann, Dörthe; Groneberg, David A.

doi:10.1111/1475-6773.12731

Cited by 45 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 37 publications

(59 reference statements)

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“…Most deprived area and least deprived area have significant non linear association with the spatial accessibility (Todd et al, 2015). As the value of deprived area went higher the spatial accessibility (= 0.533, p <.001) also would go higher (Bauer et al, 2017).…”

Section: Affordability Through Socio-economic Status and Incomementioning

confidence: 92%

“…Integrated floating catchment method combine several variations of floating catchment method including enhanced 2-step-floating-catchment method and modified 2 step floating catchment method (Bauer et al, 2017). Through this variation several catchment areas were introduced, distance decay is applied within the catchment area and competition parameter which demands along with available physician (Bauer et al, 2017).…”

Section: Innovation Through Floating Catchment Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Wang & Luo, 2005; L. Wang & Tormala, 2014). Another way to integrate between the two factor is through statistical analysis either generalized linear model (Todd et al, 2015) correlation and regression analysis (Bauer et al, 2017). Certain study also develop special index such index of rural access (McGrail & Humphreys, 2009b) or comparative descriptive analysis (Shah et al, 2017).…”

Section: Ijphcsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spatial Accessibility of Primary Healthcare in Rural Population: A Review

K¹,

A.M²,

Juni

2018

IJPHCS

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Background: Access to healthcare can be defined as opportunity or ease for patients to come to the services, while accessibility can be defined as the potential or ease for certain health services or health facilities to be reach and utilized by the patients. Spatial accessibility is assessment of accessibility determinant which can be segregated according to geographical location. The aim of this manuscript is to identify spatial accessibility assessments methods used in the primary healthcare accessibility studies within rural population setting and integration with its determinants. Materials and Methods:Scoping systematic review was done using public domain search engine. Keywords used for article search are Spatial Accessibility; Geographical Accessibility; Primary Health Care; Primary Care; Rural; Non-Urban and Remote. All articles within 15 years of publication were included with the exclusion criteria of review article, research methodology protocol and non-English articles. After screening, 10 final articles were eligible for qualitative synthesis. Content analysis was carried out, then synthesized into location of study, purpose of the study, method of spatial accessibility assessment and accessibility determinants. Result:Most of the studies in this review used gravity method (floating catchment method), three studies using physician population ratio and one study used travel impedance. Travel impedance and physician population ratio were described descriptively, which later were correlated with utilization and mortality. Several aspatial factors were also been associated with spatial accessibility through correlation, integration through formula calculation, aggregation in index and overlaying through geographical information system.Conclusion: Development of geographical information system has made more studies to use floating catchment method as a tool to assess spatial accessibility. Alteration to existing floating catchment method to allow researcher to address limitation for its predecessor. Recent development also integrates spatial accessibility with aspatial factor and its determinants. This knowledge will facilitate policy maker to improve the accessibility by overcoming the barriers.

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Section: Affordability Through Socio-economic Status and Incomementioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Innovation Through Floating Catchment Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ijphcsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spatial Accessibility of Primary Healthcare in Rural Population: A Review

K¹,

A.M²,

Juni

2018

IJPHCS

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“…Recent developments in spatial accessibility methods, in the form of two‐step floating catchment area (2SFCA) techniques and more recent iterations such as Enhanced 2SFCA (E2SFCA) formulations, permit the calculation of a single measure that accounts for the interaction between service supply capacity and potential demand volume within a designated travel time (or distance) threshold (Luo & Qi, ). Such floating catchment area (FCA) tools are increasingly being used in different health contexts to investigate variations in access to a wide range of health services such as GP surgeries (Bauer, Müller, Brüggmann, & Groneberg, ; Tang, Chiu, Chaing, Su, & Chane, ), hospitals (Mao & Nekorchuk, ; Nakamura, Nakamura, Mukuda, Harada, & Kotani, ) and cancer screening services (Dai, ). However, to our knowledge, no study to date has adopted these approaches to investigate spatial variations in accessibility to GP surgeries that offer appointment times outside of ‘core’ hours.…”

Section: Using Gis Methods For Measuring Accessibility To Healthcarementioning

confidence: 99%

Using Geographic Information Systems to investigate variations in accessibility to ‘extended hours’ primary healthcare provision

Higgs

Langford

Jarvis

et al. 2019

Health Soc Care Community

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There are ongoing policy concerns surrounding the difficulty in obtaining timely appointments to primary healthcare services and the potential impact on, for example, attendance at accident and emergency services and potential health outcomes. Using the case study of potential access to primary healthcare services in Wales, Geographic Information System (GIS)‐based tools that permit a consideration of population‐to‐provider ratios over space are used to examine variations in geographical accessibility to general practitioner (GP) surgeries offering appointment times outside of ‘core’ operating hours. Correlation analysis is used to explore the association of accessibility scores with potential demand for such services using UK Population Census data. Unlike the situation in England, there is a tendency for accessibility to those surgeries offering ‘extended’ hours of appointment times to be better for more deprived census areas in Wales. However, accessibility to surgeries offering appointments in the evening was associated with lower levels of working age population classed as ‘economically active’; that is, those who could be targeted beneficiaries of policies geared towards ‘extended’ appointment hours provision. Such models have the potential to identify spatial mismatches of different facets of primary healthcare, such as ‘extended’ hours provision available at GP surgeries, and are worthy of further investigation, especially in relation to policies targeted at particular demographic groups.

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“…FCA techniques have recently been used to study spatial accessibility to primary health care (Bauer, Müller, Brüggmann, & Groneberg, 2017;Langford, Higgs, & Fry, 2016), food stores (Chen, 2017), libraries (Guo, Chan, & Yip, 2017), green spaces (Xing, Liu, Liu, Wei, & Mao, 2018), and sporting infrastructure (Higgs, Langford, & Norman, 2015). However, very few studies to date have applied E2SFCA to examine the spatial implications of variations in access to childcare or wider educational opportunities.…”

Section: Educational Applications Of Floating Catchment Area Approamentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating spatial variations in access to childcare provision using network‐based Geographic Information System models

2018

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A “flagship” policy outlined in the current Welsh Government's 2016 Programme for Government aims to provide 30 hours of free early education and childcare per week to the working parents of three‐ and four‐year‐olds. However, in common with many other countries, there is currently a lack of detail regarding existing levels of childcare provision that can act as a benchmark with which to examine the impacts of this policy. This article addresses an urgent need to understand current levels of provision at detailed geographical scales so as to provide an accurate picture of early childhood education and care across Wales. By drawing on Geographic Information System network models we compare the spatial distribution of providers with that of potential demand arising from those population groups targeted in the childcare offer. These provide a simple to understand supply‐to‐demand ratio that overcome the limitations of ratios derived for arbitrary administrative boundaries. The types of map‐based outputs that emanate from such an approach are demonstrated to provide more insights into spatial patterns of accessibility to current levels of childcare provision. These have guided the choice of pilot studies that will inform the roll out of the full childcare offer by the Welsh Government in 2020.

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Spatial Accessibility of Primary Care in England: A Cross‐Sectional Study Using a Floating Catchment Area Method

Abstract: This study showed substantially differing GP accessibility throughout England. However, socially deprived areas did not have poorer spatial access to GPs.

Cited by 45 publications

References 37 publications

Spatial Accessibility of Primary Healthcare in Rural Population: A Review

Spatial Accessibility of Primary Healthcare in Rural Population: A Review

Using Geographic Information Systems to investigate variations in accessibility to ‘extended hours’ primary healthcare provision

Investigating spatial variations in access to childcare provision using network‐based Geographic Information System models

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