Spasmodic dysphonia and botulinum toxin: experience from the largest treatment series

Blitzer, Andrew

doi:10.1111/j.1468-1331.2010.03047.x

Cited by 126 publications

(181 citation statements)

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“…Most scholars recently believe that this disease stems from neurodegenerative diseases [10], as classified by the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS). In [24] reported a female predominance of 79 % (134 cases) out of a total population of 168 spasmodic dysphonia patients, which is consistent with previous reports [6].…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Exploration on the Underlying Mechanism of Female Predominance in Spasmodic Dysphonia: An Anatomical Study of Nodose Ganglion in Rats

Feng

2012

Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg

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To study the gender differences of amount of neurons in the nodose ganglions of rats. Fourteen SpragueDawley rats (7 males and 7 females) were selected. Bilateral nodose ganglions were dissected and serial sections of nodose ganglion were cut in a cryostat, followed by Cresyl-violet staining for neurons. Eight to ten consecutive sections from mid-portion of each nodose ganglion sample, which represent the most neuron number per section, were counted and averaged. Gender difference in the amount of neurons in the nodose ganglions was compared. No gender difference of neuron numbers was found in either side of nodose ganglion (p [ 0.05). However, average neuron number of nodose ganglions on the left side of male (654 ± 60) and female (616 ± 37) were significantly more than that on the right side of male (470 ± 22) and female (453 ± 40) respectively (p \ 0.05). There is no gender difference in total neuron number of nodose ganglions between male and female rat. However, the neuron number in the left nodose ganglion is greater than that in the right one. The difference may be due to the fact that left and right nodose ganglion is receiving different visceral sensory impulses separately, which is associated with different physiological functions. Further work should be carried out with retrograde tracing on neurons of nodose ganglions in an animal model, which are directly related to laryngeal sensory transmission, in order to determine the gender difference in the neuron number and morphology related to laryngeal functions.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Exploration on the Underlying Mechanism of Female Predominance in Spasmodic Dysphonia: An Anatomical Study of Nodose Ganglion in Rats

Feng

2012

Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg

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“…Einige Muskelgruppen sind nicht (M. pterygoideus) oder nur eingeschränkt für die US-geführte BT-Injektion geeignet (Gesichtsmuskulatur, Pharynxmuskeln, Larynxmuskeln) [31,38,39]. Die laryngealen Muskeln (M. vocalis, M. cricoarythenoideus posterior) können transoral bei Verwendung eines Endoskops oder transdermal injiziert werden, wobei hier eher die EMG-geführte Methode empfohlen wird [40,41]. Die supra-and infrahyoidale Muskulatur ist im US gut sichtbar [38,42], wobei hier nur selten eine BT-Behandlungsindikation besteht.…”

Section: Intramuskuläre Bt-injektionunclassified

Botulinumtoxin-Therapie in der Neurologie: Indikationen, Technik und Ultraschallsteuerung

Walter

Dressler

2015

Klin Neurophysiol

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“…For spasmodic dysphonia (SD), there is data from several clinical studies and meta-analyses [Wong et al 1995;Brin et al 1998;Whurr et al 1998;Finnegan et al 1999;Boutsen et al 1998;Watts et al 2006Watts et al , 2008Blitzer, 2010]. One double-blind, placebo-controlled study examined the effects of BoNT-A versus saline in 13 adductor SD patients and revealed significant effects of BoNT-A on voice quality, perceived voice improvement and acoustic measurements [Troung et al 1991].…”

Section: Spasmodic Dysphoniamentioning

confidence: 99%

Current and future medical treatment in primary dystonia

Delnooz

Warrenburg

2012

Ther Adv Neurol Disord

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Dystonia is a hyperkinetic movement disorder, characterized by involuntary and sustained contractions of opposing muscles causing twisting movements and abnormal postures. It is often a disabling disorder that has a significant impact on physical and psychosocial wellbeing. The medical therapeutic armamentarium used in practice is quite extensive, but for many of these interventions formal proof of efficacy is lacking. Exceptions are the use of botulinum toxin in patients with cervical dystonia, some forms of cranial dystonia (in particular, blepharospasm) and writer's cramp; deep brain stimulation of the pallidum in generalized and segmental dystonia; and high-dose trihexyphenidyl in young patients with segmental and generalized dystonia. In order to move this field forward, we not only need better trials that examine the effect of current treatment interventions, but also a further understanding of the pathophysiology of dystonia as a first step to design and test new therapies that are targeted at the underlying biologic and neurophysiologic mechanisms. http://tan.sagepub.com dystonia are given intramuscularly, often under electromyography (EMG) guidance, and need to be repeated every 3-6 months. Contraindications for the use of BoNT include history of neuromuscular disease, e.g. myasthenia gravis, LambertEaton syndrome or motor neuron disease, and a history of hypersensitivity to BoNT, albumin or saline. BoNT injections are also contraindicated in combination with aminoglycoside, penicillamine, quinine and calcium-channel blockers as the effect of these drugs may be potentiated. As teratogenicity of BoNT is still unknown, it is advised not to use BoNT during pregnancy and lactation. Keywords Cervical dystoniaBoNT injections are the first-line therapy for cervical dystonia (CD). Meta-analysis of several double-blind, placebo-controlled trials have demonstrated a beneficial effect of the BoNT type A (BoNT-A) versus placebo on multiple domains, such as dystonia severity, pain and the patient's and physician's subjective judgement. Adverse events are usually transient and mild. The most relevant side effects, of increasing frequency with higher doses and therefore dose-limiting, are neck weakness, dysphagia, dry mouth/sore throat and voice changes/hoarseness. Others are doseindependent and include pain at the site of injection, malaise, upper respiratory infection and headache [Costa et al. 2005b].BoNT also has proven long-term safety and efficacy. Several large case series have shown treatment efficacy up to 10 years, without longterm adverse effects [Blackie and Lees, 1990;Haussermann et al. 2004]. The occurrence of a secondary nonresponse, likely due to antibodies to BoNT or other components, was rare (1-2%) [Kessler et al. 1999;Haussermann et al. 2004;Brin et al. 2008]. Also primary nonresponse is seen, but reports documenting its occurrence are sparse [Truong et al. 2005]. A comparison of efficacy and safety between two preparations of BoNT-A, (onabotulinumtoxinA [Botox ® ] and rimabotulinumtoxin...

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Spasmodic dysphonia and botulinum toxin: experience from the largest treatment series

Cited by 126 publications

References 20 publications

Exploration on the Underlying Mechanism of Female Predominance in Spasmodic Dysphonia: An Anatomical Study of Nodose Ganglion in Rats

Exploration on the Underlying Mechanism of Female Predominance in Spasmodic Dysphonia: An Anatomical Study of Nodose Ganglion in Rats

Botulinumtoxin-Therapie in der Neurologie: Indikationen, Technik und Ultraschallsteuerung

Current and future medical treatment in primary dystonia

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