“…The variation of the physical parameters represents the damage information, which is used in locating the damage location and quantifying the damage severity simultaneously. Among techniques for model updating (e.g., filtering techniques (Chatzi and Smyth, 2009), least squares based approaches (Xu et al, 2012), and heuristic algorithms (Sun et al, 2013), the sensitivity analysis is the most classical one due to its high computational efficiency and excellent sensitivity to small parameter perturbations (Mottershead et al, 2011; Marwala, 2010; Chen and Sun, 2020). However, the mathematical model of sensitivity analysis is typically underdetermined because the order-number of the available modal parameters is usually less than the number of structural elements.…”