Spanish spelt is unique germplasm for improvement of root hair length in hexaploid wheat

Okano, Natsumi; Goto, Ryo; Kato, Taku; Sugiyama, Daisuke; Kato, Kenji; Miura, H.; Tani, Masayuki; Onishi, Kazumitsu

doi:10.1007/s11104-020-04555-8

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…In general, our genetic analysis resulted in the identification of five QTL for root hair length and two QTL for root hair density (Figure 6; Table S5). Genetic analysis of root hair length in hexaploid populations [bread wheat (Horn et al, 2016) and spelt wheat (Okano et al, 2020)] resulted in 4 and 1 QTL, respectively. Only one of these QTL (on chromosome 2A) co‐localized with the five root hair length QTL found in the current study for tetraploid wheat, which further emphasizes the potential of finding new alleles in wild wheat germplasm.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deciphering the genetic basis of wheat seminal root anatomy uncovers ancestral axial conductance alleles

Hendel

Bacher

Oksenberg

et al. 2021

Plant Cell & Environment

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Root axial conductance, which describes the ability of water to move through the xylem, contributes to the rate of water uptake from the soil throughout the whole plant lifecycle. Under the rainfed wheat agro-system, grain-filling is typically occurring during declining water availability (i.e., terminal drought). Therefore, preserving soil water moisture during grain filling could serve as a key adaptive trait. We hypothesized that lower wheat root axial conductance can promote higher yields under terminal drought. A segregating population derived from a cross between durum wheat and its direct progenitor wild emmer wheat was used to underpin the genetic basis of seminal root architectural and functional traits. We detected 75 QTL associated with seminal roots morphological, anatomical and physiological traits, with several hotspots harbouring co-localized QTL. We further validated the axial conductance and central metaxylem QTL using wild introgression lines. Field-based characterization of genotypes with contrasting axial conductance suggested the contribution of low axial conductance as a mechanism for water conservation during grain filling and consequent increase in grain size and yield. Our findings underscore the potential of harnessing wild alleles to reshape the wheat root system architecture and associated hydraulic properties for greater adaptability under changing climate.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deciphering the genetic basis of wheat seminal root anatomy uncovers ancestral axial conductance alleles

Hendel

Bacher

Oksenberg

et al. 2021

Plant Cell & Environment

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show abstract

“…For example, the root length of individual roots is obtained by multiplying the root elongation rate by growth duration (Morita 2000). The theoretical effects of root hair length, density, and longevity on P acquisition are estimated in Brown et al (2013b), and increasing root hair length enhances P uptake ability (Okano et al 2020). The number of individual roots is also important (e.g., Morita et al 1995), but is not an individual root trait.…”

Section: Individual Root Traitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Importance of individual root traits to understand crop root system in agronomic and environmental contexts

Tajima

2021

Breed. Sci.

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Resource acquisition, one of the major functions of roots, can contribute to crop growth and mitigating environmental impacts. The spatio-temporal distribution of roots in the soil in relation to the dynamics of the soil resources is critical in resource acquisition. Root distribution is determined by root system development. The root system consists of many individual roots of different types and ages. Each individual root has specific development, resource acquisition, and transport traits, which change with root growth. The integration of individual root traits in the root system could exhibit crop performance in the various environments via root distribution in the soil. However, the relationship between individual root traits and the pattern of root distribution is complicated. To understand this complicated relationship, we need to evaluate enormous numbers of individual root traits and understand the relationship between individual root development and root distribution as well as the integrated functions of individual root traits along with dynamics of resources in the soil.

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“…Root hairs arise from the epidermal cells of mature roots, and their life span is typically days to weeks (Fusseder, 1987; Mi et al ., 2016). Root hairs are very sensitive and respond to water conditions (Okano et al ., 2020). They regrow 3 d after rewatering following extreme drought conditions (Zhang et al ., 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative cryogenic extraction rehydration experiments reveal isotope fractionation during root water uptake in Gramineae

Jiang

Chen

et al. 2022

New Phytologist

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Determining whether isotope fractionation occurs during root water uptake is a prerequisite for using stem or xylem water isotopes to trace water sources. However, it is unclear whether isotope fractionation occurs during root water uptake in gramineous crops.We conducted prevalidation experiments to estimate the isotope measurement bias associated with cryogenic vacuum distillation (CVD). Next, we assessed isotope fractionation during root water uptake in two common agronomic crops, wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and maize (Zea mays L.), under flooding after postdrought stress conditions.Cryogenic vacuum distillation caused significant depletion of 2 H but negligible effects on 18 O for both soil and stem water. Surprisingly CVD caused depletion of 2 H and enrichment of 18 O in root water. Stem and root water d 18 O were more than soil water d 18 O, even considering the uncertainty of CVD. Soil water 18 O was depleted compared with irrigation water 18 O in the pots with plants but enriched relative to irrigation water 18 O in the pots without plants.These results indicate that isotope fractionation occurred during wheat and maize root water uptake after full irrigation and led to a heavy isotope enrichment in stem water. Therefore, the xylem/stem water isotope approach widely used to trace water sources should be carefully evaluated.

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Spanish spelt is unique germplasm for improvement of root hair length in hexaploid wheat

Cited by 9 publications

References 52 publications

Deciphering the genetic basis of wheat seminal root anatomy uncovers ancestral axial conductance alleles

Deciphering the genetic basis of wheat seminal root anatomy uncovers ancestral axial conductance alleles

Importance of individual root traits to understand crop root system in agronomic and environmental contexts

Comparative cryogenic extraction rehydration experiments reveal isotope fractionation during root water uptake in Gramineae

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