Spanish Experience of Pulmonary Rehabilitation Efficacy for Patients Affected by the Novel SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19)

Abstract

At present, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is raging around the world. In Spain, the percentage of intensive care unit (ICU) patients is very high, as well as the mortality rate. This article discusses a 38-year-old woman admitted to the ICU for acute respiratory failure secondary to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Early physiotherapy improved lung secretion removal, respiratory mechanics outcomes, gas exchange, and muscle strength without adverse effects. Regarding the lack of information about physiotherapy effects in this context, these data are essential to demonstrate the feasibility of early physiotherapy in such patients who are young as well as older.

Musculoskeletal pain related to COVID-19 survivors after hospitalization: A short review (Dolor musculoesquelético en supervivientes del COVID-19 tras la hospitalización: Una breve revision)

“…SARSCoV-2 detected in the cerebrospinal fluid of infected patients is another potential mechanism of SARS-CoV-2-induced pain in COVID-19. The rehabilitation of post-acute and chronic patients recovering from COVID-19 should be standardised (Ballesteros-Reviriego et al, 2020). According to Barker-Davies et al, a functional assessment for residual musculoskeletal impairments should be performed in all patients requiring rehabilitation after COVID-19.…”

Rehabilitation and COVID-19: a rapid living systematic review by Cochrane Rehabilitation Field updated as of December 31st, 2020 and synthesis of the scientific literature of 2020

“…Supplementary Digital Material 1: Supplementary Table I (available on the Cochrane Rehabilitation website: https://tr.im/rr_dyn) provides a detailed overview of the new evidence. The studies published in this update were conducted in the following World Health Organization Regions: 31 in Europe (8 Italy 9-16 , 5 United Kingdom [17][18][19][20][21] , 3 Spain [22][23][24] , 2 France 25,26 , 1 Austria 27 , 1 Denmark 28 , 1 Germany 29 , 1 Ireland 30 , 1 Israel 31 , 1 Netherlands 32 , 1 Romania 33 , 2 Russia 34,35 , 1 Switzerland 36 , 1 Turkey 37 , 1 Netherlands and Belgium 38 , and 1 United Kingdom and Italy 39 ), 13 in the Americas (11 United States of America [40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50] , 1 in Canada 51 , 1 Mexico 52 ), 5 in Eastern Mediterranean (3 Iran [53][54][55] , 1 Qatar 56 , 1 Tunisia 57 ), 3 in Western Pacific (China [58][59][60] ), and 2 in South-East Asia (India 61,62 ).…”

“…Due to the heterogeneity of published studies, a meta-analysis was not appropriate; thus, the results are described qualitatively. Based on the Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based (OCEBM) 2011 Levels of Evidence, 63 most studies (n=35, 64.8%) were Level 4 (13 case reports 20,[22][23][24][25][26][42][43][44]48,50,54,62 , 12 case series [9][10][11][12]14,33,34,46,47,49,55,56 , and 10 historical cohort studies 17,31,36,37,40,41,51,[57][58][59] ), whereas the remainder 19 (35.2%) were Level 3 (8 cohort studies 15,19,21,27,28,32,39,60,64 , 8 cross-sectional studies 13,16,18,29,30,38,…”

“…Most studies (n=39, 72.2%) investigated the natural history/determining factors of the disease (14 cohort studies 15,17,19,21,27,28,31,32,39,40,51,58,59,60 2 cross-sectional 18,45 , 1 case control study 52 , 11 case reports 20,22,23,25,26,[42][43][44]48,54,62 , and 11 case series [9][10][11][12]14,33,34,46,47,49,55 ). Seven papers (13%) reported COPYRIGHT© EDIZIONI MINERVA MEDICA epidemiological data on disease prevalence (6 cross-sectional studies 13,16,29,30,38,53 and 1 historical cohort study 57 ), and four (7.4%) described the clinical presentation of COVID-19 infection (2 case report 24,50 , 1 case series 56 , and 1 historical cohort study 37 ).…”

“…Most studies (n=24, 44.4%) included COVID-19 patients in the post-acute phase [11][12][13][14]16,19,23,25,30,32,34,37,[39][40][41][42]44,45,52,54,55,58,59,61 , 18 in the acute phase 15,17,[20][21][22]24,26,35,36,[46][47][48]50,51,56,57,60,62 , and 10 in the chronic phase 9,10,18,[27][28][29]31,33,38,53 , one manuscript described the late-onset consequences of COVID-19 43…”