Spaceflight: Immune Effects and Nutritional Countermeasure

Kulkarni, Anil D.; Doursout, Marie–Françoise; Kulkarni, A D; Sundaresan, Alamelu; Miura, Tetsuji; Wakame, Koji; HajimeFujii,

doi:10.5772/intechopen.74709

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…The effect of microgravity on the immune system has been investigated in various studies. In the Soyuz, Skylab, Salyut, and Space Shuttle programs, a decrease in immune cell function was observed after varying flight times [ 55 ]. A 50% reduction in lymphocytic response after mission compared to the preflight response was also found in 12-month studies conducted by Russia at the Mir space station [ 56 ].…”

Section: Microgravity and The Immune Responsementioning

confidence: 99%

Microgravity, Stem Cells, and Cancer: A New Hope for Cancer Treatment

Topal

Zamur

2021

Stem Cells International

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Humans are integrated with the environment where they live. Gravitational force plays an important role in shaping the universe, lives, and even cellular biological processes. Research in the last 40 years has shown how exposure to microgravity changes biological processes. Microgravity has been shown to have significant effects on cellular proliferation, invasion, apoptosis, migration, and gene expression, specifically in tumor cells, and these effects may also exist in stem and cancer stem cells. It has also been shown that microgravity changes the effects of chemotherapeutic drugs. Although studies have been carried out in a simulated microgravity environment in cell culture lines, there are few animal experiments or true microgravity studies. Cancer remains one of the most significant problems worldwide. Despite advances in medical science, no definitive strategies have been found for the prevention of cancer formation or to inform treatment. Thus, the microgravity environment is a potential new therapeutic strategy for future cancer treatment. This review will focus on current knowledge on the impact of the microgravity environment on cancer cells, stem cells, and the biological behavior of cancer stem cells.

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Section: Microgravity and The Immune Responsementioning

confidence: 99%

Microgravity, Stem Cells, and Cancer: A New Hope for Cancer Treatment

Topal

Zamur

2021

Stem Cells International

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“…On the other hand, there have been detailed studies on the effect of microgravity (very low gravity) on humans and animals. In particular, it has been verified that microgravity suppresses the immune system of humans in the space (Weightlessness, Thiel et al, 2017;Kulkarni et al, 2018;Sessions, 2017).…”

Section: Causality Vs Coordinated Coincidencementioning

confidence: 99%

Al-Muddaththir of the Quran Linked to the Covid-19 and Spanish Flu Pandemics: Circumstantial Evidence

Khodadoost¹

2021

JQSR

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Recently there have been speculations concerning a possible link between the covid-19 pandemic and al-Muddaththir, the 74th chapter of the Quran. An examination of this chapter presented in this article shows further evidences in support of these speculations. It is shown that indications of not only the current Covid-19 pandemic, but also the horrific 1918 Spanish flu can be detected in chapter 74. The main emphasis of this article will be to demonstrate the timings of the pandemic events as they appear to have been encoded in four of the chapter verses. The concept of Translational-Coding and in particular, its use in decoding one of the time-informing verses will be explained. A remarkable scheme of al-Muddaththir to announce the exact occurring years of the two major pandemics, will also be exposed. Coincidences of the Super Moon occurrences with major events of both, Covid-19 and Spanish flu pandemics, will be shown as the possible reason for “by the moon” swearing in verse 74:32. In connection with these observed coincidences, possible effect of the moon’s differential gravity on suppression of the human immune system during a Super Moon occurrence will be addressed. Some other verses in al-Muddaththir with possible relevance to the pandemic perspective of this chapter will also be discussed.

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Effects of an aged tissue niche on the immune potency of dendritic cells using simulated microgravity

et al. 2023

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Microgravity accelerates the aging of various physiological systems, and it is well acknowledged that aged individuals and astronauts both have increased susceptibility to infections and poor response to vaccination. Immunologically, dendritic cells (DCs) are the key players in linking innate and adaptive immune responses. Their distinct and optimized differentiation and maturation phases play a critical role in presenting antigens and mounting effective lymphocyte responses for long-term immunity. Despite their importance, no studies to date have effectively investigated the effects of microgravity on DCs in their native microenvironment, which is primarily located within tissues. Here, we address a significantly outstanding research gap by examining the effects of simulated microgravity via a random positioning machine on both immature and mature DCs cultured in biomimetic collagen hydrogels, a surrogate for tissue matrices. Furthermore, we explored the effects of loose and dense tissues via differences in collagen concentration. Under these various environmental conditions, the DC phenotype was characterized using surface markers, cytokines, function, and transcriptomic profiles. Our data indicate that aged or loose tissue and exposure to RPM-induced simulated microgravity both independently alter the immunogenicity of immature and mature DCs. Interestingly, cells cultured in denser matrices experience fewer effects of simulated microgravity at the transcriptome level. Our findings are a step forward to better facilitate healthier future space travel and enhance our understanding of the aging immune system on Earth.

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Spaceflight: Immune Effects and Nutritional Countermeasure

Cited by 3 publications

References 62 publications

Microgravity, Stem Cells, and Cancer: A New Hope for Cancer Treatment

Microgravity, Stem Cells, and Cancer: A New Hope for Cancer Treatment

Al-Muddaththir of the Quran Linked to the Covid-19 and Spanish Flu Pandemics: Circumstantial Evidence

Effects of an aged tissue niche on the immune potency of dendritic cells using simulated microgravity

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