Spaceflight Cognitive Assessment Tool for Windows

Kane, Robert L; Short, Paul; Sipes, Walter; Flynn, Christopher

doi:10.1037/t68780-000

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…Finger dexterity was assessed with the O’Connor pegboard (model 32021, Lafayette Instruments, Lafayette, IN). Subjects were requested to, by using only their dominant hand, place three pins in as many pinholes as possible, within a 3-min period ( 84 ). They were instructed to fill the holes row-by-row and from left-to-right when right-handed or vice versa when left-handed; corrections were allowed to be made within the allocated time.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cognitive performance was assessed with the Spaceflight Cognitive Assessment Tool for Windows (WinSCAT; Wyle Integrated Science and Engineering Group, Houston, TX; Ref. 84 ). This computer-based tool encompasses five cognitive subtests: 1 ) the code substitution subtest, which assesses learning; 2 ) the running memory subtest, which assesses working memory, concentration, and attention; 3 ) the mathematical processing subtest, which assesses working memory, concentration, and mathematical skills; 4 ) the match to sample subtest, which assesses spatial processing and visuospatial working memory; and 5 ) the delayed code substitution subtest, which assesses short-term memory.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Combined effects of mild hypothermia and nitrous-oxide-induced narcosis on manual and cognitive performance

Moes,

Elia,

Gennser

et al. 2024

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

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Divers are at enhanced risk of suffering from acute cognitive deteriorations, due to the low ambient temperatures, and the narcotic action of inert gases inspired at high pressures. Yet, the behavioral effects of cold and inert-gas narcosis have commonly been assessed in isolation, and during short-term provocations. We, therefore, evaluated the interactive influence of mild hypothermia and narcosis engendered by a subanaesthetic dose of nitrous oxide (N2O; a normobaric intervention analogue of hyperbaric nitrogen) on cognitive function during prolonged iterative exposure. Fourteen men partook in two ~12-h sessions (separated by ≥4 days), wherein they performed sequentially three 120-min cold (20°C) water immersions (CWIs), while inhaling, in a single-blinded manner, either normal air, or a normoxic gas mixture containing 30% N2O. CWIs were separated by 120-min rewarming in room-air breathing conditions. Prior to the first CWI and during each CWI, subjects performed a finger dexterity test, and the Spaceflight Cognitive Assessment Tool for Windows (WinSCAT) test assessing aspects of attention, memory, learning and visuo-spatial ability. Rectal and skin temperatures were, on average, reduced by ~1.2°C and ~8°C, respectively ( P<0.001). Cooling per se impaired ( P≤0.01) only short-term memory (~37%) and learning (~18%); the impairments were limited to the first CWI. N2O also attenuated ( P≤0.02) short-term memory (~37%) and learning (~35%), but the reductions occurred in all CWIs. Further, N2O invariably compromised finger dexterity, attention, concentration, working memory and spatial processing ( P<0.05). Present results demonstrate that inert-gas narcosis aggravates, in a persistent manner, basic and higher-order cognitive abilities during protracted cold exposure.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combined effects of mild hypothermia and nitrous-oxide-induced narcosis on manual and cognitive performance

Moes,

Elia,

Gennser

et al. 2024

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

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“…Right now, cognitive measurements are routinely performed by astronauts aboard ISS before or after their periodic health status test. Some outdated cognitive tests and batteries are sometime still administered, such as MINICOG (Shephard and Kosslyn, 2005), AGARD (Draycott et al, 1996), and Spaceflight Cognitive Assessment Tool for Windows (WinSCAT; Kane et al, 2005). Cognition (Basner et al, 2015) is a time-constrained test that covers main cognitive domains, such as executive, episodic memory, complex cognition, social cognition, and sensorimotor speed, now the current standard for check-ups in space operations.…”

Section: Cognitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Noninvasive Brain Stimulation & Space Exploration: Opportunities and Challenges

Romanella

Sprugnoli

Ruffini³

et al. 2020

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews

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“…Responsible implementation of behavioural monitoring at an organisational level is reviewed in the discussion. Basner et al (2015) are currently expanding the range of cognitive performance measures beyond the traditional Space Cognitive Assessment Tool for Windows (WinSCAT; Kane et al, 2005), which presents an opportunity to develop VR measures for use in LDSE. VR has advantages when assessing domains of executive functioning, visuospatial abilities, and sensorimotor functions, because it captures user movement in 3D and simulates functional activities within dynamic and representative environments in an stimulating manner (Kane and Parsons, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The future potential of virtual reality countermeasures for maintaining behavioural health during long duration space exploration

Thomas

2023

Front. Virtual Real.

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Long duration space exploration is no longer a fantasy, with Elon Musk claiming to launch astronauts to Mars as early as 2029. The substantial increase in spaceflight duration required for a Mars mission has resulted in a stronger focus on behavioural health outcomes at NASA, with increased interest in using virtual reality countermeasures to both monitor and promote psychological wellbeing. From the perspective of a practitioner psychologist, this paper first considers the utility of virtual reality assessment of emerging behavioural health concerns for remote monitoring purposes. Key opportunities include using virtual reality for functional cognitive testing and leveraging the predictive abilities of multimodal data for personalised insights into symptomology. Suggestions are given as to how astronauts can self-monitor usage of virtual leisure activities that facilitate positive emotional experiences. Secondly, the potential to develop virtual reality countermeasures to deliver semi-structured therapeutic interventions such as collaborative cognitive-behavioural formulation in the absence of real-time communication is discussed. Finally, considerations for the responsible implementation of psychological monitoring tools are reviewed within a context of fostering psychological safety and reducing stigma.

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Spaceflight Cognitive Assessment Tool for Windows

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Combined effects of mild hypothermia and nitrous-oxide-induced narcosis on manual and cognitive performance

Combined effects of mild hypothermia and nitrous-oxide-induced narcosis on manual and cognitive performance

Noninvasive Brain Stimulation & Space Exploration: Opportunities and Challenges

The future potential of virtual reality countermeasures for maintaining behavioural health during long duration space exploration

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