Space‒time inhomogeneity of the electron flow in pyroelectric X-ray sources

Andrianov, V. A.; Bush, A. A.; Erzinkyan, A. L.; Kamentsev, K. E.

doi:10.1134/s1027451017040048

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Similar data were obtained for LiNbO 3 crystals. 11 In this work, we also observed an inhomogeneous structure of the electron beam against the background of a luminous grid. In a simple model, the grid-target had to lead to a shadow pattern on the fluorescent screen.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 57%

X-ray source on the basis of the piroelectric crystal Sr0.61Ba0.39Nb2O6

et al. 2017

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The properties of X-ray source based on Sr0.61Ba0.39Nb2O6 crystals (SBN-61) having a large pyroelectric coefficient γ = 85 nC/(cm2K) was studied. When the crystal was heated to 60 ° C, X-rays from a tungsten target with energy of 8.4 keV were detected. The maximum energy of the electron beam was 52 keV. The visualization of the electron beam with a grid electrode and a fluorescent screen showed that the electron beam was inhomogeneous in the polar plane of the crystal and varied during heating.The radiation intensity was unstable in time. The work of the X-ray source was limited to electrical breakdowns between the polar faces of the crystal. When the crystal was cooled, there was no X-ray emission, which could be due to the depolarization of the crystal by the total electric field or as a result of electrical breakdowns. The crystals SBN-61 and LiNbO3 are compared.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 57%

X-ray source on the basis of the piroelectric crystal Sr0.61Ba0.39Nb2O6

et al. 2017

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“…As indicated in the Introduction, electron flow and X-ray radiation was observed when heated in a vacuum, there was no radiation when cooled in a vacuum [5]. This behavior differs from the properties of traditional crystals LiNbO 3 and LiTaO 3 , in which the direction of the electron flow changes upon cooling, but X-ray generation of is preserved [1,11]. In SBN crystals, radiation was completely absent in subsequent heating cycles.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…The maximum energy of electron beam determined from the bremsstrahlung boundary was 50 keV at a temperature change of T ≈ 40 • C. Not high enough voltage between the upper face of the crystal and the target U gap was explained by the well-known formula [10,11]:…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

X-ray Flashes and Pulsating Electron Flow in X-Ray Generators Based on SBN-61 Crystals

Andrianov

Erzinkian

Ивлева

et al. 2022

Physics of the Solid State

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In an X-ray generator based on a ferroelectric crystal of barium-strontium niobate Sr0.61Ba0.39Nb2O6 (SBN-61) at a temperature of about 50oC, pulsations of the electron flux and X-ray radiation were detected with an increase in gas pressure in the range 2·10-2-10-1 Torr. The electron flux had the shape of a cross in the crystal plane. The flash duration did not exceed 0.04 seconds. The pulsation period varied from 0.2 seconds at the beginning and up to 5-10 s at the end at a pressure of ~0.1 Torr. The observed effect is explained by the movement of domain boundaries on the depolarized crystal face in vacuum conditions, resulting in a large surface charge and, accordingly, an electric potential, leading to the formation of a pulsed electron flux. Keywords: X-ray radiation, electron flux, SBN-61 crystal, ferroelectric domains.

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Pyroelectric material property considerations for x-ray generation

Yap

Kumar

Damjanović

et al. 2022

Journal of Applied Physics

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The method of generating x-rays using the pyroelectric effect has garnered interest for applications that desire portability and low power consumption, particularly for real-time in-field and on-line analyses. However, the x-ray intensity produced by this type of x-ray generator is low and inconsistent compared to conventional x-ray tubes. The properties of several pyroelectric materials, including LiTaO3, LiNbO3, and PMN- xPT, were studied and subsequently tested on an in-house developed x-ray generator to explore their suitability for the application. The production of electrons to subsequently generate x-ray relies on the process of ferroelectric electron emission and field ionization to be dominant over charge compensation via the DC conductivity of the pyroelectric material. Given that the time of temperature change occurs faster than the material's charge relaxation time, it was found that the ratio of the pyroelectric coefficient to relative permittivity determined the performance of the x-ray generator. Thus, the x-ray count rates and end-point energies produced by LiTaO3 showed that it continues to be a strong candidate for such x-ray generation applications.

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Space‒time inhomogeneity of the electron flow in pyroelectric X-ray sources

Cited by 4 publications

References 11 publications

X-ray source on the basis of the piroelectric crystal Sr0.61Ba0.39Nb2O6

X-ray source on the basis of the piroelectric crystal Sr0.61Ba0.39Nb2O6

X-ray Flashes and Pulsating Electron Flow in X-Ray Generators Based on SBN-61 Crystals

Pyroelectric material property considerations for x-ray generation

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