Space, time, connectivity and conflict in biological landscapes: the fourth special issue on spatial ecology

Laffan, Shawn W.; Skidmore, Andrew K.; Franklin, Janet

doi:10.1080/13658816.2015.1090001

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Studies of animal movement and connectivity are increasingly being used to inform management decisions [ 18 , 19 ]. Resource managers are often tasked with conserving species and maintaining habitat while balancing the interests of multiple user groups.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of environmental features and sport hunting on caribou migration in northwestern Alaska

Fullman¹,

Joly

Ackerman

2017

Mov Ecol

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BackgroundUngulate movements are influenced by a variety of biotic and abiotic factors, which may affect connectivity between key resource areas and seasonal ranges. In northwestern Alaska, one important question regarding human impacts on ungulate movement involves caribou (Rangifer tarandus) response to autumn hunting and related aircraft activity. While concerns have been voiced by local hunters about the influence of transporter aircraft and non-local sport hunters, there has been little quantitative analysis of the effects of hunter activity on caribou movement. We utilized a novel spatial dataset of commercial aircraft landing locations and sport hunter camps in and around Noatak National Preserve to analyze resource selection of caribou in autumn for non-local hunting activity and environmental features. We combined step selection functions with randomized shortest paths to investigate whether terrain ruggedness, river width, land cover, and hunting activity (in the form of aircraft landings and sport hunter camps) facilitated or impeded caribou movement. By varying a parameter in the randomized shortest path models, we also explored the tradeoff between exploration and exploitation in movement behavior exhibited by traveling caribou.ResultsWe found that caribou avoided rugged terrain and areas with more river, forest, and tall shrubs while selecting for areas dominated by tussock tundra and dwarf shrubs. Migration of caribou through Noatak does not appear to be inhibited by sport hunting activity, though this does not preclude the possibility of temporary effects altering availability of caribou for individual hunters. Caribou exhibited exploratory movement, following predictions of a random walk model. This behavior may facilitate the location of remaining patches of high-quality forage prior to the onset of winter, especially during mild autumns.ConclusionsUnderstanding animal movement behavior is fundamental to protecting critical areas of connectivity and to informing management decisions. Our study identifies migratory connectivity and hotspots of potential conflict among user groups, enabling development of policies that balance human access with species conservation.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s40462-017-0095-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of environmental features and sport hunting on caribou migration in northwestern Alaska

Fullman¹,

Joly

Ackerman

2017

Mov Ecol

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“…Crop raiding is one of the most prevalent types of human‐wildlife conflict in Africa and Asia and has increased sharply with the spread of farms into wildlife range areas (Mukeka et al, 2019; Shaffer et al, 2019). Evaluation of spatial and temporal heterogeneity in conflict risk is critical to design conflict management plans (Laffan et al, 2016), but approaches that consider animal behaviour and space use leading up to conflict are limited (Blackwell et al, 2016). Staging behaviour prior to conflict has been described across multiple taxa and offers potential utility in managing and predicting conflict, but few quantitative assessments of staging have been undertaken.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The spatial distribution of conflict is generally driven by the presence of humans and conflict resources, such as agriculture, water, or livestock (Broekhuis et al, 2017; Denninger‐Snyder et al, 2019; Miller, 2015). However, given dynamics in resources and behaviour, risk of conflict is not static (Laffan et al, 2016). An animal's decision‐making during conflict can be driven by risk–reward trade‐offs akin to anti‐predation behaviour (Frid & Dill, 2002), and this may result in spatial and temporal heterogeneity in conflict risk patterns as animals find movement strategies to adapt to a dynamic landscape and avoid people (Miller & Schmitz, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Staging behaviours identify spatial and temporal risk of human‐wildlife conflict

Hahn

Wall

Denninger-Snyder

et al. 2023

Journal of Applied Ecology

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1. Habitat conversion to farmland has increased human-wildlife interactions, which often lead to conflict, injury or death for people and animals. Understanding the behavioural and landscape drivers of human-wildlife conflict is critical for managing wildlife populations. Staging behaviour prior to crop incursions has been described across multiple taxa and offers potential utility in managing conflict, but few quantitative assessments of staging have been undertaken. Animal movement data can provide valuable, fine-scale information on such behaviour with opportunities for application to real-time management for conflict prediction.2. We developed an approach to assess the efficacy of six widely used metrics of animal movement to identify staging behaviour prior to agricultural incursions.We applied this approach to GPS data from 55 African elephants in the Serengeti-Mara ecosystem and found tortuosity and HMM-derived behavioural states to be the most effective for identifying staging events. We then assessed temporal patterns of defined staging at daily and seasonal scales and explored environmental and anthropogenic drivers of staging from spatial generalized logistic mixed models. Finally, we tested the viability of combining movement and simple spatial metrics to predict crop incursions based on GPS data.3. Our approach identified staging behaviour that appeared to be driven largely by human activity and diurnal availability of protective cover from forest, riverine vegetation, and topography. Staging also varied substantially by season.Tortuosity and behavioural state metrics identified different staging strategies with distinct spatial distributions and anthropogenic drivers, and appeared to be linked to the juxtaposition between protected and cultivated lands. Tortuositybased staging combined with distance-to-agriculture produced promising results for pre-event prediction of crop incursion.

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“…In movement ecology, multiple recent reviews have been written that explore the development of individual analyses or metrics of space use (e.g., home ranges, proximity/social networks, selection functions; see Cumming and Cornélis 2012, Pinter-Wollman et al 2013, and Lele et al 2013, respectively). In the same period, several special issues in the GIS community have been published on the topic of quantitative movement analysis and spatial ecology (Skidmore et al 2011, Laffan et al 2012, 2014, 2016, Dodge et al 2016). Despite these domain-specific reviews and broader special issues, an exposition that provides an broad overview of metrics and tools used to analyze animal movement data is still needed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecological metrics and methods for GPS movement data

Seidel

Dougherty

Carlson

et al. 2018

International Journal of Geographical Information Science

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The growing field of movement ecology uses high resolution movement data to analyze animal behavior across multiple scales: from individual foraging decisions to population-level space-use patterns. These analyses contribute to various subfields of ecology—inter alia behavioral, disease, landscape, resource, and wildlife—and facilitate facilitate novel exploration in fields ranging from conservation planning to public health. Despite the growing availability and general accessibility of animal movement data, much potential remains for the analytical methods of movement ecology to be incorporated in all types of geographic analyses. This review provides for the Geographical Information Sciences (GIS) community an overview of the most common movement metrics and methods of analysis employed by animal ecologists. Through illustrative applications, we emphasize the potential for movement analyses to promote transdisciplinary GIS/wildlife-ecology research.

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Space, time, connectivity and conflict in biological landscapes: the fourth special issue on spatial ecology

Cited by 5 publications

References 40 publications

Effects of environmental features and sport hunting on caribou migration in northwestern Alaska

Effects of environmental features and sport hunting on caribou migration in northwestern Alaska

Staging behaviours identify spatial and temporal risk of human‐wildlife conflict

Ecological metrics and methods for GPS movement data

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