2019
DOI: 10.1101/521591
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Space-time clusters of dengue, chikungunya, and Zika cases in the city of Rio de Janeiro

Abstract: Brazil is a dengue-endemic country where all four dengue virus serotypes circulate and cause seasonal epidemics. Recently, chikungunya and Zika viruses were also introduced. In Rio de Janeiro city, the three diseases co-circulated for the first time in 2015-2016, resulting in what is known as the 'triple epidemic'. In this study, we identify space-time clusters of dengue, chikungunya, and Zika, to understand the dynamics and interaction between these simultaneously circulating arboviruses in a densely populat… Show more

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Cited by 4 publications
(4 citation statements)
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“…In 2016, when the patient was clinically diagnosed with a flavivirus infection, Brazil and Rio de Janeiro faced an unprecedented ZIKV outbreak, whereas DENV is endemic in this region ( 11 ). In the same year, the WHO declared a public health emergency of international concern, because of the association between ZIKV and severe congenital malformations, such as microcephaly ( 12 ).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In 2016, when the patient was clinically diagnosed with a flavivirus infection, Brazil and Rio de Janeiro faced an unprecedented ZIKV outbreak, whereas DENV is endemic in this region ( 11 ). In the same year, the WHO declared a public health emergency of international concern, because of the association between ZIKV and severe congenital malformations, such as microcephaly ( 12 ).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…A triple epidemic scenario has already been faced in arbovirus hotspots regions of Brazil, leading to misdetection and disease frequency misreporting [ 15 , 57 , 58 ]. It is important to note that sudden appearance of CHIKV, DENV, and ZIKV, as well as other seasonal respiratory tract diseases (e.g., H1N1, rhinoviruses, respiratory syncytial virus), and also the current pandemic with SARS-CoV-2, will continue to occur.…”
Section: Arbovirus Diseasementioning
confidence: 99%
“…The co-occurrence outbreaks remain a great pressure on the public health systems, which can get overloaded [ 15 , 59 ]. This scenario poses a further challenge for health systems, that should be able to accurately diagnose and treat single and co-infection cases [ 59 ].…”
Section: Arbovirus Diseasementioning
confidence: 99%
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