Space‐Division Multiplexing and MIMO Processing

Ryf, Roland; Fontaine, Nicolas K.

doi:10.1002/9781119078289.ch16

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 129 publications

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“…The IC-XT dynamics need to be considered in the deployment of MCFs. Furthermore, the tolerance to crosstalk depends strongly on the modulation format, as constellation points using higher-order modulation lie closer together and are more easily confused in the receiver [35][36].…”

Section: A Sdm Fibersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enabling Technologies for Optical Data Center Networks: Spatial Division Multiplexing

Westergren

Chen

Agrell

et al. 2020

J. Lightwave Technol.

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With the continuously growing popularity of cloud services, the traffic volume inside the data centers is dramatically increasing. As a result, a scalable and efficient infrastructure for data center networks (DCNs) is required. The current optical DCNs using either individual fibers or fiber ribbons are costly, bulky, hard to manage, and not scalable. Spatial division multiplexing (SDM) based on multicore or multimode (few-mode) fibers is recognized as a promising technology to increase the spatial efficiency for optical DCNs, which opens a new way towards high capacity and scalability. This tutorial provides an overview of the components, transmission options, and interconnect architectures for SDM-based DCNs, as well as potential technical challenges and future directions. It also covers the co-existence of SDM and other multiplexing techniques, such as wavelength-division multiplexing and flexible spectrum multiplexing, in optical DCNs.

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Section: A Sdm Fibersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enabling Technologies for Optical Data Center Networks: Spatial Division Multiplexing

Westergren

Chen

Agrell

et al. 2020

J. Lightwave Technol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…where the relationship: φ 0 − φ ⊥0 = π was used. As Equations (1) and (2) are not compatible, we can choose the mean value for d as a trade-off:…”

Section: Non-ideal Mirrorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The use of optical fibers with a core having a few spatial propagation modes is a promising possibility of spatial division-multiplexing (SDM) to increase the transmission information rate of optical communications in order to meet future traffic demands [1,2]. Ideally, SDM must be orthogonal to polarization multiplexing and wavelength division multiplexing currently used, that is, each spatial mode must contain both polarizations and many wavelength channels spanning a few tens of nanometers in the spectrum.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of Spatial-Mode (De)Multiplexer for Few-Mode Fibers Based on a Cyclically Used Michelson-Like Interferometer

et al. 2020

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Few mode optical fibers are a promising way to continue increasing the data rate in optical communications. However, an efficient method to launch and extract separately each mode is essential. The design of a interferometric spatial mode (de)multiplexer for few mode optical fibers is presented. It is based on a single Michelson-like interferometer which consists of standard optical elements and has a reflective image inverter in one arm. Particular care has been taken in its design so that both polarizations behave the same. Moreover, this interferometer can process several pairs of modes simultaneously. The multiplexer also consists of: a phase plate, focusing optics at both ports of the interferometer and elliptical core fibers to recirculate some outputs. It can multiplex ten spatial and polarization modes and it presents low losses and no intrinsic crosstalk between modes. Additionally, it is polarization insensitive, achromatic, compact and inexpensive. The same system can work as a demultiplexer when used in reverse. In this case, both the losses and the crosstalk remain very low. Similar designs that perform other functions, like an add-drop mode multiplexing, are also suggested.

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Unscrambling light—automatically undoing strong mixing between modes

et al. 2017

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Propagation of light beams through scattering or multimode systems may lead to the randomization of the spatial coherence of the light. Although information is not lost, its recovery requires a coherent interferometric reconstruction of the original signals, which have been scrambled into the modes of the scattering system. Here we show that we can automatically unscramble optical beams that have been arbitrarily mixed in a multimode waveguide, undoing the scattering and mixing between the spatial modes through a mesh of silicon photonics tuneable beam splitters. Transparent light detectors integrated in a photonic chip are used to directly monitor the evolution of each mode along the mesh, allowing sequential tuning and adaptive individual feedback control of each beam splitter. The entire mesh self-configures automatically through a progressive tuning algorithm and resets itself after significantly perturbing the mixing, without turning off the beams. We demonstrate information recovery by the simultaneous unscrambling, sorting and tracking of four mixed modes, with residual cross-talk of −20 dB between the beams. Circuit partitioning assisted by transparent detectors enables scalability to meshes with a higher port count and to a higher number of modes without a proportionate increase in the control complexity. The principle of self-configuring and self-resetting in optical systems should be applicable in a wide range of optical applications.

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Space‐Division Multiplexing and MIMO Processing

Cited by 6 publications

References 129 publications

Enabling Technologies for Optical Data Center Networks: Spatial Division Multiplexing

Enabling Technologies for Optical Data Center Networks: Spatial Division Multiplexing

Design of Spatial-Mode (De)Multiplexer for Few-Mode Fibers Based on a Cyclically Used Michelson-Like Interferometer

Unscrambling light—automatically undoing strong mixing between modes

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